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Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120
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env
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Overexpression of ADAR1 increases the levels of gp120, p24, and Nef in HIV-1 producer cells, which requires inhibition of the RNA-activated protein kinase PKR |
PubMed
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env
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Inactivation of PKR has an inhibitory effect on gp120-induced caspase-3 activation |
PubMed
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env
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HIV-1 gp120 induces activation of PKR and its translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus in neuronal cell lines |
PubMed
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Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor
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env
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Activation of PKR decreases HIV-1 Env expression and knockdown of PKR expression increases intracellular HIV-1 Env expression in human and murine cell lines |
PubMed
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Nef
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nef
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The small molecule PKR inhibitor C16 inhibits the IFITM3-induced suppression of HIV-1 Gag, Vif, and Nef protein expression |
PubMed
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nef
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Overexpression of ADAR1 increases the levels of gp120, p24, and Nef in HIV-1 producer cells, which requires inhibition of the RNA-activated protein kinase PKR |
PubMed
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Pr55(Gag)
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gag
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The small molecule PKR inhibitor C16 inhibits the IFITM3-induced suppression of HIV-1 Gag, Vif, and Nef protein expression |
PubMed
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gag
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HIV-1 Gag is identified to have a physical interaction with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2 (EIF2AK2) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses |
PubMed
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Tat
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat, specifically amino acids 49-57, increases activation of PKR in Leishmania-infected macrophages |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat increases expression of EIF2AK2 (PKR) in Leishmania-infected macrophages |
PubMed
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tat
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PKR directly interacts with HIV-1 Tat and phosphorylates the first exon of Tat exclusively at five Ser/Thr residues (T23, T40, S46, S62, and S68), which inhibits Tat-mediated provirus transcription |
PubMed
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tat
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PKR-mediated Tat phosphorylation inhibits Tat nuclear localization, and disrupts Tat binding to HIV-1 TAR RNA and interaction with cyclin T1 in HeLa cells |
PubMed
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tat
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Mutations in HIV-1 Tat that prevent Tat phosphorylation by PKR result in an up to 4-fold decrease in HIV-1 LTR transactivation by Tat |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat-induction of IL-10 dysregulation is associated with PKR activation in primary blood monocytes |
PubMed
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tat
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Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat upregulates the interferon-responsive gene expression of many proteins, including PKR, in immature dendritic cells, an effect that likely facilitates the expansion of HIV-1 infection |
PubMed
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tat
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PKR enhances HIV-1 Tat-mediated activation of NF-kappaB activation and transcriptional induction of the HIV-1 LTR promoter in the murine HL3T1 cell line |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat downregulates the steady-state amount of p68 kinase (PKR) in interferon-treated HeLa cells stably expressing Tat |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat inhibits the activation, activity and autophosphorylation of PKR, suggesting a potential mechanism by which HIV could suppress the interferon system |
PubMed
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tat
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Binding of HIV-1 Tat to PKR has been mapped to residues 40-58 of Tat, overlapping the hydrophobic core and basic region of Tat |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat is phosphorylated by PKR on serine 62, threonine 64 and serine 68 |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat interacts with interferon-inducible enzymes 2-5A synthetase and dsRNA-dependent protein kinase to influence the rate of translation and protein synthesis in vitro |
PubMed
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Vif
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vif
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The small molecule PKR inhibitor C16 inhibits the IFITM3-induced suppression of HIV-1 Gag, Vif, and Nef protein expression |
PubMed
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Vpu
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vpu
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The expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2 is enhanced in Vpu-deficient HIV-1-infected cells as compared to that in wild-type-infected cells |
PubMed
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capsid
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gag
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Overexpression of ADAR1 increases the levels of gp120, p24, and Nef in HIV-1 producer cells, which requires inhibition of the RNA-activated protein kinase PKR |
PubMed
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