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    xthA exodeoxyribonuclease III [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

    Gene ID: 946254, updated on 17-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    xthA
    Official Full Name
    exodeoxyribonuclease III
    Primary source
    ECOCYC:EG11073
    Locus tag
    b1749
    See related
    ASAP:ABE-0005829
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
    Lineage
    Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
    Also known as
    ECK1747; xth
    Summary
    Exonuclease III (XthA) is one of two 5' apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases (along with endonuclease IV) in Escherichia coli which function in the repair of DNA at sites where damaged bases have been removed by the activity of DNA glycosylases or where bases have been spontaneously lost. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG11073].
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    Genomic context

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    Sequence:
    NC_000913.3 (1832428..1833234)

    NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene N-succinylarginine dihydrolase Neighboring gene aldehyde dehydrogenase Neighboring gene arginine N-succinyltransferase Neighboring gene succinylornithine transaminase Neighboring gene DedA family protein YdjX Neighboring gene 4Fe-4S ferredoxin-type domain-containing protein YdjY

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_000913.3

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Exonuclease III (XthA) Enforces In Vivo DNA Cloning of Escherichia coli To Create Cohesive Ends. Nozaki S, et al. J Bacteriol, 2019 Mar 1. PMID 30530516, Free PMC Article
    2. Properties of the main endonuclease specific for apurinic sites of Escherichia coli (endonuclease VI). Mechanism of apurinic site excision from DNA. Gossard F, et al. Eur J Biochem, 1978 Jan 16. PMID 342234
    3. Solid-phase synthesis of oligo(2'-deoxyxylonucleotides) and PCR amplification of base-modified DNA fragments. Seela F, et al. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser, 1991. PMID 1668697
    4. The use of thioglycollate to demonstrate DNA AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic-site) lyase activities. Biological consequences of thiol addition to the 5' product of a beta-elimination reaction at an AP site in DNA. Bricteux-Grégoire S, et al. Biochem J, 1991 Feb 1. PMID 1705116, Free PMC Article
    5. Exonuclease III and endonuclease IV remove 3' blocks from DNA synthesis primers in H2O2-damaged Escherichia coli. Demple B, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1986 Oct. PMID 2429316, Free PMC Article

    See all (54) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Bacterial exonuclease III expands its enzymatic activities on single-stranded DNA.
      Title: Bacterial exonuclease III expands its enzymatic activities on single-stranded DNA.
    2. XthA resects the 3' ends of linear DNA fragments that are introduced into Escherichia coli cells, resulting in exposure of the single-stranded 5' overhangs.
      Title: Exonuclease III (XthA) Enforces In Vivo DNA Cloning of Escherichia coli To Create Cohesive Ends.
    3. This increased MMS sensitivity was not suppressed by the presence of multi-copy holC. Addition of the yoaA disruption increased the methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) sensitivity of xthA single-deletion or xthA nfo double-deletion mutants.
      Title: Systematic identification of synthetic lethal mutations with reduced-genome Escherichia coli: synthetic genetic interactions among yoaA, xthA and holC related to survival from MMS exposure.
    4. Xth may act in a complementary repair pathway to nucleotide excision repair to remove S-cdA adducts from 3' DNA termini.
      Title: Insight into mechanisms of 3'-5' exonuclease activity and removal of bulky 8,5'-cyclopurine adducts by apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases.
    5. It is shown (paradoxically) that in xthA mutants, RecA-GFP loading is predominantly RecBCD-dependent and that xthA recB double mutants are viable.
      Title: XthA (Exonuclease III) regulates loading of RecA onto DNA substrates in log phase Escherichia coli cells.
    6. Endonuclease IV and Exonuclease III have roles in counteracting DNA damage induced by the oxidative counterpart of UVB in E.coli
      Title: Endonuclease IV and exonuclease III are involved in the repair and mutagenesis of DNA lesions induced by UVB in Escherichia coli.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables double-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables double-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables endonuclease activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables exonuclease activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables exonuclease activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA damage response IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in DNA repair IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    exodeoxyribonuclease III
    NP_416263.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

      Range
      1832428..1833234
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NP_416263.1 exodeoxyribonuclease III [Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_416263.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0H3EWK5, A0A140N7B9, A0A1X3JGK3, A0AAN3MER4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      PRK11756
      Location:1 → 267
      PRK11756; exonuclease III; Provisional
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version

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