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    gyrA DNA gyrase subunit A [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

    Gene ID: 946614, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    gyrA
    Official Full Name
    DNA gyrase subunit A
    Primary source
    ECOCYC:EG10423
    Locus tag
    b2231
    See related
    ASAP:ABE-0007370
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
    Lineage
    Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
    Also known as
    ECK2223; hisW; nalA; nfxA; norA; parD
    Summary
    gyrA is an essential gene. [More information is available at EcoGene: EG10423]. DNA gyrase is one of two essential members of the type II topoisomerase family in Escherichia coli. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG10423].
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    Genomic context

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    Sequence:
    NC_000913.3 (2336793..2339420, complement)

    NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene pseudo Neighboring gene DUF1175 domain-containing protein YfaT Neighboring gene DUF2138 domain-containing protein YfaA Neighboring gene bifunctional 3-demethylubiquinone-8 3-O-methyltransferase and 2-octaprenyl-6-hydroxyphenol methylase Neighboring gene putative autotransporter adhesin YfaL

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_000913.3

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Enhanced resistance to nitrosoguanidine killing and mutagenesis in a DNA gyrase mutant of Escherichia coli. Chao L, et al. J Bacteriol, 1982 Aug. PMID 6178722, Free PMC Article
    2. Novel quinolone resistance mutations of the Escherichia coli DNA gyrase A protein: enzymatic analysis of the mutant proteins. Hallett P, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1991 Feb. PMID 1850970, Free PMC Article
    3. 4-Quinolone resistance mutations in the DNA gyrase of Escherichia coli clinical isolates identified by using the polymerase chain reaction. Oram M, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1991 Feb. PMID 1850972, Free PMC Article
    4. The C-terminal domain of the Escherichia coli DNA gyrase A subunit is a DNA-binding protein. Reece RJ, et al. Nucleic Acids Res, 1991 Apr 11. PMID 1851291, Free PMC Article
    5. Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli. Yoshida H, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1990 Jun. PMID 2168148, Free PMC Article

    See all (179) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Single-molecule dynamics of DNA gyrase in evolutionarily distant bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Escherichia coli.
      Title: Single-molecule dynamics of DNA gyrase in evolutionarily distant bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Escherichia coli.
    2. Escherichia coli GyrA Tower Domain Interacts with QnrB1 Loop B and Plays an Important Role in QnrB1 Protection from Quinolone Inhibition.
      Title: Escherichia coli GyrA Tower Domain Interacts with QnrB1 Loop B and Plays an Important Role in QnrB1 Protection from Quinolone Inhibition.
    3. Our findings indicate that the catalytic cycle of E. coli gyrase operates at high thermodynamic efficiency, and that the stability of DNA wrapping by the CTD provides one limit to DNA supercoil introduction, beyond which strand passage competes with ATP-dependent supercoil relaxation
      Title: Modulated control of DNA supercoiling balance by the DNA-wrapping domain of bacterial gyrase.
    4. Inhibition of the gyrA promoter by transcription-coupled DNA supercoiling in Escherichia coli has been demonstrated.
      Title: Inhibition of the gyrA promoter by transcription-coupled DNA supercoiling in Escherichia coli.
    5. The gyrA mutations were identified in nucleotide positions 248, 255, 259, 260, 261, 273 and 300, and mutations at positions 248 and 259 resulting in amino acid changes at positions 83 and 87 were associated with quinolone resistance.
      Title: CRISPR/Cas9/sgRNA-mediated targeted gene modification confirms the cause-effect relationship between gyrA mutation and quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli.
    6. High frequency of aac(6')-Ib-cr gene associated with double mutations in gyrA and parC is related to fluoroquinolone resistance
      Title: High frequency of aac(6')-Ib-cr gene associated with double mutations in gyrA and parC in Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections.
    7. Measuring the dwell time of gyrase bound to DNA revealed that most gyrase remain immobile for approximately 2 s, whereas enzymes in the vicinity of the replisome had a approximately 8 s dwell time, suggesting that when an excessive (+) supercoiling is present due to the fast progression of the fork, gyrase performs multiple rounds of catalysis without dissociating from DNA.
      Title: Single-molecule imaging of DNA gyrase activity in living Escherichia coli.
    8. analysis of gyrase mutations in E.coli that could be responsible for increased quinolone resistive mechanisms among enteric pathogens; docking studies revealed displacement of quinolone binding site in mutated protein complex which resulted in lower binding energy as compared to the normal one
      Title: Analytical profiling of mutations in quinolone resistance determining region of gyrA gene among UPEC.
    9. The present study was undertaken to better understand the dynamic behavior of the gyrA in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli [ETEC] and to decipher the structural changes associated with mutations, Ser83Leu and Ser83Leu/Asp87Asn, leading to ciprofloxacin antibiotic resistance in ETEC gyrA.
      Title: Travelers' Diarrhea-Associated Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli gyrA Mutants and Quinolone Antibiotic Affinity: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Residue Interaction Network Analysis.
    10. Data indicate the existence of interactions between the fluoroquinolone C-7 ring and both GyrA and GyrB.
      Title: Fluoroquinolone-gyrase-DNA complexes: two modes of drug binding.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (20)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA negative supercoiling activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA negative supercoiling activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA topoisomerase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA topoisomerase type II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA topoisomerase type II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in DNA topological change IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in DNA topological change IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA topological change IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in DNA-templated DNA replication IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA-templated transcription IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in chromosome organization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to antibiotic IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to xenobiotic stimulus IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of DNA topoisomerase type II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in chromosome IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm HDA PubMed 
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in membrane HDA PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    DNA gyrase subunit A
    NP_416734.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

      Range
      2336793..2339420 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NP_416734.1 DNA gyrase subunit A [Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_416734.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q47245
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      PRK05560
      Location:7 → 842
      PRK05560; DNA gyrase subunit A; Validated
      sd00041
      Location:538 → 585
      GyrA-ParC_C; GyrA_CTD repeat [structural motif]
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version

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