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    gadX DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator GadX [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

    Gene ID: 948028, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    gadX
    Official Full Name
    DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator GadX
    Primary source
    ECOCYC:EG12243
    Locus tag
    b3516
    See related
    ASAP:ABE-0011487
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
    Lineage
    Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
    Also known as
    ECK3501; yhiX
    Summary
    The GadX (glutamate decarboxylase regulator) transcriptional activator, which belongs to the AraC/XylS family , is a monomer of 31 kDa that can form a homodimer in vivo [12446650]. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG12243].
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    Genomic context

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    Sequence:
    NC_000913.3 (3664986..3665810, complement)

    NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator GadW Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene glutamate decarboxylase A Neighboring gene cytochrome c peroxidase

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_000913.3

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Repression of btuB gene transcription in Escherichia coli by the GadX protein. Lei GS, et al. BMC Microbiol, 2011 Feb 11. PMID 21314918, Free PMC Article
    2. Large-scale monitoring of pleiotropic regulation of gene expression by the prokaryotic nucleoid-associated protein, H-NS. Hommais F, et al. Mol Microbiol, 2001 Apr. PMID 11298273
    3. Stability and oligomerization of recombinant GadX, a transcriptional activator of the Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase system. Tramonti A, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2003 Apr 11. PMID 12686161
    4. GadY, a small-RNA regulator of acid response genes in Escherichia coli. Opdyke JA, et al. J Bacteriol, 2004 Oct. PMID 15466020, Free PMC Article
    5. An activator of glutamate decarboxylase genes regulates the expression of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli virulence genes through control of the plasmid-encoded regulator, Per. Shin S, et al. Mol Microbiol, 2001 Sep. PMID 11555293

    See all (33) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. These results show how GadEWX simultaneously coordinate many cellular processes to produce the overall response of E. coli to acid stress.
      Title: Decoding genome-wide GadEWX-transcriptional regulatory networks reveals multifaceted cellular responses to acid stress in Escherichia coli.
    2. Through biological and biochemical analysis, authors have demonstrated the GadX can directly interact with btuB promoter and affect the expression of btuB.
      Title: Repression of btuB gene transcription in Escherichia coli by the GadX protein.
    3. The authors found that the overexpression of the GadX and GadY regulators of the glutamate-dependent acid resistance system complemented the growth defect of YidC-depleted cells.
      Title: Activators of the glutamate-dependent acid resistance system alleviate deleterious effects of YidC depletion in Escherichia coli.
    4. gadX is transcribed in an operon with gadW, although this full-length mRNA does not accumulate.
      Title: RNase III participates in GadY-dependent cleavage of the gadX-gadW mRNA.
    5. GadX/GadW-dependent activation of the acid fitness island is controlled at the gadX-gadW intergenic region, in which the gadY gene is located and transcribed divergently from gadW.
      Title: GadX/GadW-dependent regulation of the Escherichia coli acid fitness island: transcriptional control at the gadY-gadW divergent promoters and identification of four novel 42 bp GadX/GadW-specific binding sites.
    6. The results indicate that the GadX regulator increases multidrug resistance in E. coli by activating the MdtEF multidrug efflux pump
      Title: The AraC-family regulator GadX enhances multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli by activating expression of mdtEF multidrug efflux genes.
    7. The effects of sodium on the acid resistance system of GadA/BC expression appears to be through the modulation of GadX and GadW activity, which in turn controls GadE expression.
      Title: Sodium regulates Escherichia coli acid resistance, and influences GadX- and GadW-dependent activation of gadE.
    8. The AraC-family regulators GadX and GadW, previously found to activate gadA/BC in vitro, are now shown in vivo to directly activate gadE expression, which, in turn, activates the gadA/BC genes.
      Title: The Escherichia coli AraC-family regulators GadX and GadW activate gadE, the central activator of glutamate-dependent acid resistance.
    9. H-NS directly inhibits gadA and gadX transcription and, by controlling the intracellular level of the activator GadX, indirectly affects the expression of the whole gad system
      Title: Antagonistic role of H-NS and GadX in the regulation of the glutamate decarboxylase-dependent acid resistance system in Escherichia coli.
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    Pathways from PubChem

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    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein homodimerization activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables sequence-specific DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA damage response IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA-templated transcription IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator GadX

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

      Range
      3664986..3665810 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NP_417973.1 DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator GadX [Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_417973.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A5C9ACD4, A0A6L7CPL9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      PRK09978
      Location:1 → 274
      PRK09978; DNA-binding transcriptional regulator GadX; Provisional
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version

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