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    SULT4A1 sulfotransferase family 4A member 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 25830, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    SULT4A1provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    sulfotransferase family 4A member 1provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:14903
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000130540 MIM:608359; AllianceGenome:HGNC:14903
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    NST; BRSTL1; SULTX3; BR-STL-1; DJ388M5.3; hBR-STL-1
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the sulfotransferase family. The encoded protein is a brain-specific sulfotransferase believed to be involved in the metabolism of neurotransmitters. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Biased expression in brain (RPKM 30.9), duodenum (RPKM 4.1) and 2 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See SULT4A1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    22q13.31
    Exon count:
    10
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 22 NC_000022.11 (43824509..43862513, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 22 NC_060946.1 (44307367..44345097, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 22 NC_000022.10 (44220389..44258393, complement)

    Chromosome 22 - NC_000022.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene EF-hand calcium binding domain 6 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr22:44207707-44207948 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19191 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44208791-44209592 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44215896-44216537 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44223866-44224628 Neighboring gene EFCAB6 divergent transcript Neighboring gene high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 pseudogene 9 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44240991-44241816 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44247635-44248134 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44256209-44256708 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15126 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44279103-44279833 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44293320-44294519 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44301043-44301543 Neighboring gene patatin like phospholipase domain containing 5 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44317583-44318083 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44319500-44320244 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:44320245-44320987 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 5125 Neighboring gene patatin like phospholipase domain containing 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Localization of a brain sulfotransferase, SULT4A1, in the human and rat brain: an immunohistochemical study. Liyou NE, et al. J Histochem Cytochem, 2003 Dec. PMID 14623933
    2. Lack of exonic sulfotransferase 4A1 mutations in controls and schizophrenia cases. Lewis AG, et al. Psychiatr Genet, 2009 Feb. PMID 19125109
    3. Association of Sult4A1 SNPs with psychopathology and cognition in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Meltzer HY, et al. Schizophr Res, 2008 Dec. PMID 18823757
    4. Evidence for a SULT4A1 haplotype correlating with baseline psychopathology and atypical antipsychotic response. Ramsey TL, et al. Pharmacogenomics, 2011 Apr. PMID 21521020, Free PMC Article
    5. Transmission disequilibrium suggests a role for the sulfotransferase-4A1 gene in schizophrenia. Brennan MD, et al. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet, 2005 Nov 5. PMID 16152568

    See all (40) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Interaction of the Brain-Selective Sulfotransferase SULT4A1 with Other Cytosolic Sulfotransferases: Effects on Protein Expression and Function.
      Title: Interaction of the Brain-Selective Sulfotransferase SULT4A1 with Other Cytosolic Sulfotransferases: Effects on Protein Expression and Function.
    2. Study in SULT4A1 knockout mice demonstrates that depletion of SULT4A1 induces oxidative stress in neurons and expression of SULT4A1 in human SH-SY5Y cells protects against oxidative-stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Results suggest that SULT4A1 may have a crucial protective function against mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.
      Title: SULT4A1 Protects Against Oxidative-Stress Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neuronal Cells.
    3. Study using SH-SY5Y cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells, and mouse embryonic tissue revealed time-dependent changes in SULT4A1 protein and MBNL/CELF protein during differentiation supported their role in correctly splicing the SULT4A1 mRNA. Furthermore, ectopic expression of each factor produced efficient splicing in the minigene assay as well as correct splicing of the endogenous SULT4A1 mRNA.
      Title: The MBNL/CELF Splicing Factors Regulate Cytosolic Sulfotransferase 4A1 Protein Expression during Cell Differentiation.
    4. These results show that SULT4A1 is widely expressed in human tissues, but mostly as a splice variant that produces a rapidly degraded protein. Dimerization protects the protein from degradation.
      Title: Expression of the orphan cytosolic sulfotransferase SULT4A1 and its major splice variant in human tissues and cells: dimerization, degradation and polyubiquitination.
    5. Across three psychiatric disorders (n=2815 patients), we observed no consistent association between SULT4A1-1 status and atypical antipsychotic effect
      Title: SULT4A1 haplotype: conflicting results on its role as a biomarker of antipsychotic response.
    6. This study provides a second replication of superior olanzapine response in SULT4A1-1-positive subjects compared with SULT4A1-1-negative subjects.
      Title: Replication of SULT4A1-1 as a pharmacogenetic marker of olanzapine response and evidence of lower weight gain in the high response group.
    7. determination of SULT4A1-1 haplotype status might be useful for identifying patients who show an enhanced response to long-term olanzapine treatment.
      Title: Evidence for a SULT4A1 haplotype correlating with baseline psychopathology and atypical antipsychotic response.
    8. Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: MicroRNA-related genetic variations as predictors for risk of second primary tumor and/or recurrence in patients with early-stage head and neck cancer.
    9. Cytosolic SULT4A1 interacts with PIN1.
      Title: Cytosolic Aryl sulfotransferase 4A1 interacts with the peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1.
    10. These results provide the first evidence of how genetic variation in Sult4A1 may be related to clinical symptoms and cognitive function in schizophrenia
      Title: Association of Sult4A1 SNPs with psychopathology and cognition in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Exploring genome-wide - dietary heme iron intake interactions and the risk of type 2 diabetes.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC40032

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables identical protein binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables sulfotransferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables sulfotransferase activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in dendrite arborization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in steroid metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in sulfation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    sulfotransferase 4A1
    Names
    ST4A1
    brain sulfotransferase-like protein
    hBR-STL
    nervous system cytosolic sulfotransferase
    nervous system sulfotransferase
    sulfotransferase-related protein
    NP_055166.1
    XP_011528422.1
    XP_011528423.1
    XP_047297277.1
    XP_047297278.1
    XP_054181480.1
    XP_054181481.1
    XP_054181482.1
    XP_054181483.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_014351.4 → NP_055166.1  sulfotransferase 4A1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_055166.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AF251263, Z97055
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS14051.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R7N3, O43728, Q9BR01
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z320
      Related
      ENSP00000332565.4, ENST00000330884.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00685
      Location:45 → 277
      Sulfotransfer_1; Sulfotransferase domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000022.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      43824509..43862513 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011530121.2 → XP_011528423.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011528423.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z2E1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21551
      Location:59 → 164
      Sulfotransfer_1; Sulfotransferase domain

    2. XM_047441322.1 → XP_047297278.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X4

    3. XM_047441321.1 → XP_047297277.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z320
      Related
      ENSP00000388285.1, ENST00000422525.1

    4. XM_011530120.4 → XP_011528422.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X3

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00685
      Location:45 → 167
      Sulfotransfer_1; Sulfotransferase domain

    RNA

    1. XR_937839.4 RNA Sequence

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060946.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      44307367..44345097 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054325506.1 → XP_054181481.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z2E1

    2. XM_054325508.1 → XP_054181483.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X4

    3. XM_054325505.1 → XP_054181480.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z320

    4. XM_054325507.1 → XP_054181482.1  sulfotransferase 4A1 isoform X3

    RNA

    1. XR_008485384.1 RNA Sequence

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_176874.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_176874.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9BR01.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9BR01

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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