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    SNRK SNF related kinase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 54861, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    SNRKprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    SNF related kinaseprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:30598
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000163788 MIM:612760; AllianceGenome:HGNC:30598
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    HSNFRK
    Summary
    SNRK is a member of the sucrose nonfermenting (SNF)-related kinase family of serine/threonine kinases (Kertesz et al., 2002 [PubMed 12234663]).[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2009]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 23.2), thyroid (RPKM 20.1) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See SNRK in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3p22.1
    Exon count:
    9
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (43286540..43351143)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (43301825..43366451)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (43328032..43392635)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105377051 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory regions 3209 and 6245 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19751 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19752 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105377052 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43327772-43328272 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14255 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr3:43330978-43331205 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak4622 silencer Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 517, pseudogene Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43410923-43411423 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43413051-43413632 Neighboring gene SNRK antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1625 Neighboring gene anoctamin 10 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43496575-43497774 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43520239-43520811 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43532352-43532852 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L18a pseudogene 9 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43577638-43578572 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43607028-43607750 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14256 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43663772-43664424 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:43664425-43665077 Neighboring gene tubulin alpha pseudogene 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Sucrose Non-Fermenting Related Kinase Expression in Ovarian Cancer and Correlation with Clinical Features. Hopp EE, et al. Cancer Invest, 2017 Aug 9. PMID 28722495, Free PMC Article
    2. Crystal structure of the kinase and UBA domains of SNRK reveals a distinct UBA binding mode in the AMPK family. Wang YL, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2018 Jan 1. PMID 29061304
    3. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel mammalian protein kinase harboring a homology domain that defines a subfamily of serine/threonine kinases. Becker W, et al. Eur J Biochem, 1996 Feb 1. PMID 8654423
    4. SNRK, a member of the SNF1 family, is related to low K(+)-induced apoptosis of cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons. Yoshida K, et al. Brain Res, 2000 Aug 11. PMID 10930554
    5. Snf1-related kinase inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation through calcyclin-binding protein-dependent reduction of β-catenin. Rines AK, et al. FASEB J, 2012 Nov. PMID 22874833, Free PMC Article

    See all (34) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduce inflammation and pyroptosis in acute kidney injury via miR-223-3p/HDAC2/SNRK.
      Title: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduce inflammation and pyroptosis in acute kidney injury via miR-223-3p/HDAC2/SNRK.
    2. Study shows that TRIB3 binds to SNRK, and downregulates UCP3 through PPARalpha. SNRK is increased in cardiomyopathy patients, and SNRK reduces infarct size after ischaemia/reperfusion. SNRK also decreases cardiac cell death in a UCP3-dependent manner.
      Title: Snf1-related kinase improves cardiac mitochondrial efficiency and decreases mitochondrial uncoupling.
    3. Report the crystal structure of an N-terminal SNRK fragment containing kinase and adjacent ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domains. This structure shows that the UBA domain binds between the N- and C-lobes of the kinase domain. The mode of UBA binding in SNRK largely resembles that in AMPK and brain specific kinase (BRSK), however, unique interactions play vital roles in stabilizing the KD-UBA interface of SNRK.
      Title: Crystal structure of the kinase and UBA domains of SNRK reveals a distinct UBA binding mode in the AMPK family.
    4. SNRK in cardiomyocytes is responsible for maintaining cardiac metabolic homeostasis, which is mediated in part by ROCK, and alteration of this homeostasis influences cardiac function in the adult heart.
      Title: Sucrose Nonfermenting-Related Kinase Enzyme-Mediated Rho-Associated Kinase Signaling is Responsible for Cardiac Function.
    5. Differential expression of SNRK in early versus late stage disease suggests specific roles for SNRK in ovarian cancer metastasis.
      Title: Sucrose Non-Fermenting Related Kinase Expression in Ovarian Cancer and Correlation with Clinical Features.
    6. SNRK inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation through calcyclin-binding protein up-regulation and beta-catenin degradation, which results in reduced proliferation signaling.
      Title: Snf1-related kinase inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation through calcyclin-binding protein-dependent reduction of β-catenin.
    7. These findings reveal a novel function for SNRK in the regulation of colon cancer cell proliferation and beta-catenin signaling.
      Title: Snf1-related kinase inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation through calcyclin-binding protein-dependent reduction of β-catenin.
    8. SNRK could mediate some of the physiological effects of LKB1
      Title: Identification of the sucrose non-fermenting related kinase SNRK, as a novel LKB1 substrate.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ20224, KIAA0096, DKFZp779A1866

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables AMP-activated protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-dependent protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AS1 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AS121 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AT120 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AXS139 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2BS14 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2BS36 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S10 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S28 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S57 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T11 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T3 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T45 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T6 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H4S1 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables magnesium ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in myeloid cell differentiation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in nucleus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase
    Names
    SNF-1 related kinase
    SNF1-related kinase
    NP_001094064.1
    NP_001317679.1
    NP_060189.3
    XP_005265302.1
    XP_047304352.1
    XP_047304353.1
    XP_047304354.1
    XP_054202975.1
    XP_054202976.1
    XP_054202977.1
    XP_054202978.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001100594.2 → NP_001094064.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001094064.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Both variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK025449, BC071567, D43636, DA769463, DB080037
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43075.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5
      Related
      ENSP00000411375.2, ENST00000429705.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14339
      Location:288 → 335
      UBA_SNRK; UBA domain of SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase (SNRK) and similar proteins mainly found in metazoa
      cd14074
      Location:12 → 269
      STKc_SNRK; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, SNF1-related kinase

    2. NM_001330750.2 → NP_001317679.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region and initiates translation at a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2, which is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK025449, AK291360, AK295187, D43636
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS82759.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DHM9, E7EUC4
      Related
      ENSP00000409516.1, ENST00000437827.1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14339
      Location:82 → 129
      UBA_SNRK; UBA domain of SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase (SNRK) and similar proteins mainly found in metazoa
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 63
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    3. NM_017719.5 → NP_060189.3  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_060189.3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Both variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK025449, BP281284, D43636, DB080037
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43075.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5
      Related
      ENSP00000296088.7, ENST00000296088.12
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14339
      Location:288 → 335
      UBA_SNRK; UBA domain of SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase (SNRK) and similar proteins mainly found in metazoa
      cd14074
      Location:12 → 269
      STKc_SNRK; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, SNF1-related kinase

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      43286540..43351143
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047448396.1 → XP_047304352.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5

    2. XM_005265245.4 → XP_005265302.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005265302.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5
      Related
      ENSP00000401246.1, ENST00000454177.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14339
      Location:288 → 335
      UBA_SNRK; UBA domain of SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase (SNRK) and similar proteins mainly found in metazoa
      cd14074
      Location:12 → 269
      STKc_SNRK; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, SNF1-related kinase

    3. XM_047448397.1 → XP_047304353.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5

    4. XM_047448398.1 → XP_047304354.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      43301825..43366451
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054347001.1 → XP_054202976.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5

    2. XM_054347002.1 → XP_054202977.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5

    3. XM_054347000.1 → XP_054202975.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5

    4. XM_054347003.1 → XP_054202978.1  SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RAV6, Q14706, Q68D15, Q6IQ46, Q9NRH2, Q9NXI7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K5P5
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9NRH2.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9NRH2

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