sna snail [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: snaprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: snailprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0003448
Locus tag: Dmel_CG3956
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0003448
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: BG:DS01845.1; br28; br29; CG3956; Dmel\CG3956; l(2)35Db; l(2)br28; l(2)br29; l(3)br28; l35Db; Sco; sn; Sna; SNA; Snail; SNAIL
Summary: Enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding activity and RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Contributes to transcription corepressor activity. Involved in several processes, including embryonic morphogenesis; nervous system development; and regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including epithelial furrow; head epidermis primordium; imaginal disc; mesoderm; and somatic precursor cell. Used to study carcinoma. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in piebaldism. Orthologous to several human genes including SNAI2 (snail family transcriptional repressor 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 35D2-35D2; 2-51 cM

Exon count:: 1

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2L	NT_033779.5 (15476593..15478260, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2L	NT_033779.4 (15476593..15478260, complement)

Chromosome 2L - NT_033779.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Snail modulates JNK-mediated cell death in Drosophila.
Title: Snail modulates JNK-mediated cell death in Drosophila.
Before and during the critical weight (CW) checkpoint, Drosophila transcription factor Snail is highly expressed in the larval prothoracic gland (PG). Snail peaks coincide with two peaks of PG cells entering S phase and a slowing of DNA synthesis between the peaks. The synchronization of PG cells into S phase via Snail represents the mechanistic link used to terminate the CW checkpoint.
Title: Snail synchronizes endocycling in a TOR-dependent manner to coordinate entry and escape from endoreplication pausing during the Drosophila critical weight checkpoint.
our results reveal a novel and specific role of Sna TFs in the heart on systemic lipid homeostasis maintenance that is independent of cardiac development and function and involves the governance of triglyceride synthesis and breakdown, energy utilization, and lipid droplet dynamics in the fat body.
Title: Cardiac Snail family of transcription factors directs systemic lipid metabolism in Drosophila.
Study finds that expression of Snail (Sna) in adult Drosophila intestinal Apc-Ras tumors leads to the formation of macrometastases, which shows remarkable parallels to human metastases and reveals that Snail activates a partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in tumor cells and that tumor cells undergo collective cell migration and seed polyclonal metastases.
Title: Collective cell migration and metastases induced by an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in Drosophila intestinal tumors.
While either Snail or Serpent induced a profound loss of epithelial polarity and tissue organisation, Serpent but not Snail also induced an increase in the size of wing discs. Furthermore, the Serpent-induced tumour-like tissues were able to grow extensively when transplanted into the abdomen of adult hosts.
Title: Differential roles of the Drosophila EMT-inducing transcription factors Snail and Serpent in driving primary tumour growth.
Disruption of Snail expression in follicle stem cells compromises proliferation, but not maintenance. FSCs with excessive Snail expression had increased proliferation and lifespan, accompanied by a moderate decrease inE-cadherin expression (required for adhesion of FSCs to their niche) at the junction between their adjacent cells, indicating a conserved role of Snail in E-cadherin inhibition.
Title: Snail controls proliferation of Drosophila ovarian epithelial follicle stem cells, independently of E-cadherin.
during gastrulation of Drosophila embryos, Sna expression downregulates polarity protein Baz which in turn results in junction disassembly at protein levels.
Title: Polarity protein Par3/Bazooka follows myosin-dependent junction repositioning.
evidence for mechanosensitivity of cell-cell junctions and implications that myosin-mediated tension can prevent Snail-driven Eepithelial-mesenchymal transitions
Title: Myosin-dependent remodeling of adherens junctions protects junctions from Snail-dependent disassembly.
Snail can potentiate enhancer activation by collaborating with different activators, providing a new mechanism by which Snail regulates development.
Title: A conserved role for Snail as a potentiator of active transcription.
Rapid transcription kinetics and negative autoregulation are responsible for the remarkable homogeneity of snail expression and the coordination of mesoderm invagination.
Title: Rapid transcription fosters coordinate snail expression in the Drosophila embryo.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Dm2029 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:58358

Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
contributes_to transcription corepressor activity	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Malpighian tubule morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in asymmetric neuroblast division	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in central nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in compound eye development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in ectoderm and mesoderm interaction	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in gastrulation involving germ band extension	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in gastrulation involving germ band extension	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in mesoderm development	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in mesoderm development	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in ventral furrow formation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: snail

Names: CG3956-PA; SNa; scutoid; sna-PA

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033779.5 Reference assembly

Range

15476593..15478260 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_057384.4 → NP_476732.1 snail [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476732.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P08044, Q9V3D3

Related

FBpp0080298

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG5048
Location:307 → 356

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:308 → 328

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam00096
Location:334 → 356

zf-C2H2; Zinc finger, C2H2 type

pfam13465
Location:321 → 344

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain