HK3 hexokinase 3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: HK3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: hexokinase 3provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4925
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000160883 MIM:142570; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4925
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: HXK3; HKIII
Summary: Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes hexokinase 3. Similar to hexokinases 1 and 2, this allosteric enzyme is inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
Expression: Biased expression in bone marrow (RPKM 50.3), spleen (RPKM 14.0) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5q35.2

Exon count:: 21

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	5	NC_000005.10 (176880869..176899346, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	5	NC_060929.1 (177426695..177445172, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	5	NC_000005.9 (176307870..176326347, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Glioma hexokinase 3 positively correlates with malignancy and macrophage infiltration.
Title: Glioma hexokinase 3 positively correlates with malignancy and macrophage infiltration.
Hexokinase 3 enhances myeloid cell survival via non-glycolytic functions.
Title: Hexokinase 3 enhances myeloid cell survival via non-glycolytic functions.
Hexokinase 3 dysfunction promotes tumorigenesis and immune escape by upregulating monocyte/macrophage infiltration into the clear cell renal cell carcinoma microenvironment.
Title: Hexokinase 3 dysfunction promotes tumorigenesis and immune escape by upregulating monocyte/macrophage infiltration into the clear cell renal cell carcinoma microenvironment.
Upregulation of HK3 is associated with EMT in CRC and may be a crucial metabolic adaptation for rapid proliferation, survival, and metastases of CRC cells
Title: HK3 overexpression associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer.
HK3 expression is significantly upregulated in human masticatory mucosa during wound healing
Title: Human gingiva transcriptome during wound healing.
The transport of glucose across the cell membrane by glucose transporters (GLUTs) and intracellular phosphorylation by hexokinases (HKs) are the initial steps of the glycolytic pathway.
Title: High 18F-FDG uptake in PMAH correlated with normal expression of Glut1, HK1, HK2, and HK3.
HK1 and HK2 expression alterations were detected, that could be explained by common deregulation mechanisms of these genes in colorectal tumors. The HK3 expression level was significantly increased in 60% of samples.
Title: [Evaluation of Gene Expression of Hexokinases in Colorectal Cancer with the Use of Bioinformatics Methods].
Through glycolysis and arachidonic acid metabolism, HK3 and PTGS2 might play important roles in pediatric ALL and its prognosis, and thus, might be potential targets for therapeutic intervention to suppress pediatric ALL.
Title: Identification of key genes affecting disease free survival time of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia based on bioinformatic analysis.
Altogether, our data provide an explanation for low HK3 and KLF5 expression in particular AML subtype and establish these genes as novel CEBPA targets during neutrophil differentiation.
Title: CEBPA-dependent HK3 and KLF5 expression in primary AML and during AML differentiation.
HK3 is: (1) directly activated by PU.1, (2) repressed by PML-RARA, and (3) functionally involved in neutrophil differentiation and cell viability of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells.
Title: PU.1 is linking the glycolytic enzyme HK3 in neutrophil differentiation and survival of APL cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (15)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

HK3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:504837

STS-R17757 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:32346

D1S3688 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:474266

WI-21074 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:17056

SHGC-85528 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:184275

SHGC-83912 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:101876

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables D-glucose binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables fructokinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables fructokinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables glucokinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glucokinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables glucokinase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables hexokinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables mannokinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in canonical glycolysis	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in carbohydrate phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in glucose metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glycolytic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in intracellular glucose homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in ficolin-1-rich granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in secretory granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: hexokinase-3

Names: ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase; HK III; hexokinase 3 (white cell); hexokinase type III; hexokinase-C

NP_002106.2

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_011532842.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_047273090.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_054208457.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_054208458.1

EC 2.7.1.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_047006.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5028..23505

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_002115.3 → NP_002106.2 hexokinase-3

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002106.2

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC027318, BC028129, BX644742, U51333

Consensus CDS

CCDS4407.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P52790, Q8N1E7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q59H08

Related

ENSP00000292432.5, ENST00000292432.10

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PLN02914
Location:72 → 471

PLN02914; hexokinase

pfam00349
Location:483 → 673

Hexokinase_1

pfam03727
Location:679 → 913

Hexokinase_2

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

176880869..176899346 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_047417134.1 → XP_047273090.1 hexokinase-3 isoform X1
XM_011534540.3 → XP_011532842.1 hexokinase-3 isoform X2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:39 → 474

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:33 → 230

Hexokinase_1; Hexokinase

pfam03727
Location:238 → 472

Hexokinase_2; Hexokinase