Lgals9 galectin 9 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Lgals9provided by RGD
Official Full Name: galectin 9provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:3005
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000012681 AllianceGenome:RGD:3005
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: UAT
Summary: Predicted to enable several functions, including disaccharide binding activity; galactoside binding activity; and protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity. Involved in toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm and extracellular space. Predicted to be active in cytosol and nucleus. Orthologous to several human genes including LGALS9 (galectin 9). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Liver (RPKM 203.4), Spleen (RPKM 108.2) and 8 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 10q25

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	10	NC_086028.1 (64405044..64428249, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	10	NC_051345.1 (63907018..63930224, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	10	NC_005109.4 (64737022..64760195)

Chromosome 10 - NC_086028.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Galectin-9 and Tim-3 are upregulated in response to microglial activation induced by the peptide Amyloid-beta (25-35).
Title: Galectin-9 and Tim-3 are upregulated in response to microglial activation induced by the peptide Amyloid-β (25-35).
Galectin-9 Promotes Neuronal Restoration via Binding TLR-4 in a Rat Intracerebral Hemorrhage Model.
Title: Galectin-9 Promotes Neuronal Restoration via Binding TLR-4 in a Rat Intracerebral Hemorrhage Model.
Up-regulation of Gal-9 in vivo turns immune system toward immnuosuppression and prolongs rats liver allograft survival by the diminishment of Th1/Th17.
Title: Up-regulation of Galectin-9 in vivo results in immunosuppressive effects and prolongs survival of liver allograft in rats.
Osteoclasts and osteoclast precursors express Tim-3, and osteoclast differentiation is negatively regulated by its ligand galectin-9.
Title: Regulation of osteoclastogenesis through Tim-3: possible involvement of the Tim-3/galectin-9 system in the modulation of inflammatory bone destruction.
The study described that enhanced Tim-3 and its ligand Galectin-9 in allografts might play an important role in the pathogenesis of rat lung transplant rejection.
Title: Increased expression of Tim-3 and its ligand Galectin-9 in rat allografts during acute rejection episodes.
Gal-9 is induced in astrocytes by TNF via the JNK/c-Jun pathway.
Title: Galectin-9 protein is up-regulated in astrocytes by tumor necrosis factor and promotes encephalitogenic T-cell apoptosis.
Data indicate that galectin-9 plays a role in apical sorting of endolyn.
Title: Sialylation of N-linked glycans mediates apical delivery of endolyn in MDCK cells via a galectin-9-dependent mechanism.
Galectin-9 is a high affinity IgE-binding lectin with anti-allergic effect by blocking IgE-antigen complex formation
Title: Galectin-9 is a high affinity IgE-binding lectin with anti-allergic effect by blocking IgE-antigen complex formation.
The presented results on galectin-5 relative to galectin-9 intimate distinct functions especially in erythropoiesis and imply currently unknown mechanisms to compensate its absence from the galectin network in other mammals.
Title: Unique sequence and expression profiles of rat galectins-5 and -9 as a result of species-specific gene divergence.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

General gene information

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Markers

D11Bhm84 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141691

RH130652 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:213936

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables carbohydrate binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables carbohydrate binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables carbohydrate binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables carbohydrate binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables disaccharide binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables enzyme binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables galactoside binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables galactoside binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables signaling receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to type II interferon	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to virus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in female pregnancy	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in inflammatory response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in maintenance of protein location	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in maternal process involved in female pregnancy	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in mature conventional dendritic cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in monoatomic ion transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in natural killer cell tolerance induction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of chemokine production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of mast cell degranulation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of natural killer cell activation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of natural killer cell degranulation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of type II interferon production	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of type II interferon production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in p38MAPK cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of T cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of activated T cell autonomous cell death	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of chemokine production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of defense response to bacterium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of dendritic cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of innate immune response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-1 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-10 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-12 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-13 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-4 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-8 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage activation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of type II interferon production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of viral entry into host cell	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in receptor clustering	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in regulation of T cell chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in regulation of interleukin-4 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in regulation of interleukin-5 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of natural killer cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in regulation of p38MAPK cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to interleukin-1	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
NOT involved_in toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: galectin-9

Names: 36 kDa beta-galactoside-binding lectin; Lectin, galactose binding, soluble 9 (Galectin-9); gal-9; lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 9; urate transporter/channel

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001388499.1 → NP_001375428.1 galectin-9 isoform 1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000010

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O08588, O35866, P97840

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HH79, G3V7N8

Related

ENSRNOP00000017042.6, ENSRNOT00000017042.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00908
Location:231 → 353

Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin
NM_001388500.1 → NP_001375429.1 galectin-9 isoform 3

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000010

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1W2Q608, A0A1W2Q6B5

Related

ENSRNOP00000076199.2, ENSRNOT00000093232.3

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00908
Location:187 → 309

Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin
NM_012977.2 → NP_037109.1 galectin-9 isoform 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_037109.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000010

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1W2Q608, A6HH78, F7ETI8, Q6P7Q6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00908
Location:199 → 321

Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086028.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

64405044..64428249 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_039085282.2 → XP_038941210.1 galectin-9 isoform X3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1W2Q608, A0A1W2Q6B5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00908
Location:187 → 309

Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin
XM_039085281.2 → XP_038941209.1 galectin-9 isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A1W2Q608, A6HH78, F7ETI8, Q6P7Q6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00908
Location:199 → 321

Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin
XM_039085280.2 → XP_038941208.1 galectin-9 isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O08588, O35866, P97840

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HH79, G3V7N8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00908
Location:231 → 353

Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin