erm earmuff [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: ermprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: earmuffprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0031375
Locus tag: Dmel_CG31670
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0031375
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG31670; CG7312; dFezf; Dfezf; dfezl; Dmel\CG31670; Erm
Summary: Enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding activity. Involved in several processes, including axonogenesis; negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation; and regulation of gene expression. Located in axonal growth cone and neuronal cell body. Is expressed in several structures, including adult optic lobe; anlage in statu nascendi; antennal anlage; antennal primordium; and head epidermis primordium. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 22 with or without anosmia. Orthologous to human FEZF1 (FEZ family zinc finger 1) and FEZF2 (FEZ family zinc finger 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 22B6-22B8; 2-3 cM

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2L	NT_033779.5 (1950239..1970362, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2L	NT_033779.4 (1950239..1970362, complement)

Chromosome 2L - NT_033779.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Enhancer analysis of the Drosophila zinc finger transcription factor Earmuff by gene targeting.
Title: Enhancer analysis of the Drosophila zinc finger transcription factor Earmuff by gene targeting.
Drosophila Fezf functions as a transcriptional repressor to direct layer-specific synaptic connectivity in the fly visual system.
Title: Drosophila Fezf functions as a transcriptional repressor to direct layer-specific synaptic connectivity in the fly visual system.
Here we show that M3-specific innervation by both neurons is coordinated by Drosophila Fezf (dFezf), a conserved transcription factor that is selectively expressed by the earlier targeting input neuron. In this cell, dFezf instructs layer specificity and activates the expression of a secreted molecule (Netrin) that regulates the layer specificity of the other input neuron.
Title: Drosophila Fezf coordinates laminar-specific connectivity through cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms.
Dpn maintains type II neuroblasts by suppressing the expression of Earmuff (Erm).
Title: bHLH-O proteins balance the self-renewal and differentiation of Drosophila neural stem cells by regulating Earmuff expression.
This work not only elucidates a key mechanism of Notch-mediated maintenance of type II NB self-renewal and identity, but also reveals a novel function of Erm.
Title: Notch maintains Drosophila type II neuroblasts by suppressing expression of the Fez transcription factor Earmuff.
Brm-HDAC3-Erm repressor complex suppresses dedifferentiation of intermediate neural progenitors back into type II neuroblasts.
Title: The Brm-HDAC3-Erm repressor complex suppresses dedifferentiation in Drosophila type II neuroblast lineages.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in axon target recognition	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in axonogenesis involved in innervation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell dedifferentiation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in photoreceptor cell axon guidance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of netrin-activated signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of neuron differentiation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neuroblast proliferation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neuroblast proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neurogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in stem cell population maintenance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in axonal growth cone	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in neuronal cell body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: earmuff

Names: CG31670-PA; CG31670-PB; CG31670-PC; CG31670-PD; erm-PA; erm-PB; erm-PC; erm-PD

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033779.5 Reference assembly

Range

1950239..1970362 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001272960.1 → NP_001259889.1 earmuff, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259889.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PBS1

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG5048
Location:287 → 453

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:312 → 332

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam00096
Location:338 → 360

zf-C2H2; Zinc finger, C2H2 type

pfam13465
Location:355 → 377

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain
NM_134787.3 → NP_608631.1 earmuff, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_608631.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q95SM6, Q9VQ56

Related

FBpp0077539

Conserved Domains (3) summary

COG5048
Location:295 → 461

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:320 → 340

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam13465
Location:363 → 385

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain
NM_001272961.1 → NP_001259890.1 earmuff, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259890.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PB02

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG5048
Location:295 → 461

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:320 → 340

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam00096
Location:346 → 368

zf-C2H2; Zinc finger, C2H2 type

pfam13465
Location:363 → 385

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain
NM_001272962.1 → NP_001259891.2 earmuff, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0R4YI50

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG5048
Location:295 → 461

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:320 → 340

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam00096
Location:346 → 368

zf-C2H2; Zinc finger, C2H2 type

pfam13465
Location:363 → 385

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain