trr trithorax-related [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: trrprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: trithorax-relatedprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0023518
Locus tag: Dmel_CG3848
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0023518
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: anon-2Bb; CG3848; Dmel\CG3848; dmll3/4; EG:63B12.3; Trr; TRR
Summary: Enables several functions, including core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding activity; histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity; and transcription coactivator activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of ecdysone receptor signaling pathway; progression of morphogenetic furrow involved in compound eye morphogenesis; and response to ecdysone. Located in nucleus and polytene chromosome puff. Part of MLL3/4 complex. Is expressed in several structures, including embryonic/larval salivary gland; female germline cell; ganglia; gut section; and mesoderm. Used to study Kleefstra syndrome 2 and congenital heart disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Kabuki syndrome; Kleefstra syndrome 2; carcinoma (multiple); intracranial aneurysm; and stomach cancer (multiple). Orthologous to several human genes including KMT2D (lysine methyltransferase 2D). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2B14-2B14; 1-0.2 cM

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	X	NC_004354.4 (1881313..1889950, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	X	NC_004354.3 (1775346..1783983, complement)

Chromosome X - NC_004354.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Distinct Roles for COMPASS Core Subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr in the Epigenetic Regulation of Drosophila Heart Development.
Title: Distinct Roles for COMPASS Core Subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr in the Epigenetic Regulation of Drosophila Heart Development.
Lpt, trr, and Hcf regulate histone mono- and dimethylation that are essential for Drosophila heart development.
Title: Lpt, trr, and Hcf regulate histone mono- and dimethylation that are essential for Drosophila heart development.
Hcf positively regulates Hippo pathway activity through forming a complex with Trr and controlling H3K4 methylation.
Title: Drosophila Hcf regulates the Hippo signaling pathway via association with the histone H3K4 methyltransferase Trr.
dMLL3/4 plays an instructive role in the oocyte-to-embryo transition that is functionally uncoupled from the requirements of oogenesis.
Title: The Trithorax group protein dMLL3/4 instructs the assembly of the zygotic genome at fertilization.
trr and G9a also have common direct targets, including the Drosophila ortholog of Arc (Arc1), a key regulator of synaptic plasticity. Our data highlight the clinical and molecular convergence between the KMT2 and EHMT protein families, which may contribute to a molecular network underlying a larger group of intellectual disability / autism spectrum disorder -related disorders.
Title: Functional convergence of histone methyltransferases EHMT1 and KMT2C involved in intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder.
Histone H3K4 monomethylation catalyzed by Trr and mammalian MML3/MLL4 proteins at enhancers is dispensable for development and viability.
Title: Histone H3K4 monomethylation catalyzed by Trr and mammalian COMPASS-like proteins at enhancers is dispensable for development and viability.
Ash2 functions together with Trr as an ecdysone receptor coactivator.
Title: Ash2 acts as an ecdysone receptor coactivator by stabilizing the histone methyltransferase Trr.
trr mutant cells have a growth advantage over their wild-type neighbors and display changes in the levels of multiple proteins that regulate growth and cell division, including Notch, Capicua, and cyclin B.
Title: The Drosophila ortholog of MLL3 and MLL4, trithorax related, functions as a negative regulator of tissue growth.
Trr, the Drosophila homolog of the mammalian Mll3/4 COMPASS-like complexes, can function as a major H3K4 monomethyltransferase on enhancers in vivo.
Title: Enhancer-associated H3K4 monomethylation by Trithorax-related, the Drosophila homolog of mammalian Mll3/Mll4.
TRR is a histone methyltransferases capable of trimethylating lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3-K4); TRR possibly functions as a coactivator of ecdysone receptor by altering the chromatin structure at ecdysone-responsive promoters
Title: Methylation at lysine 4 of histone H3 in ecdysone-dependent development of Drosophila.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables histone H3K4 dimethyltransferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables histone H3K4 monomethyltransferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables signaling receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription coactivator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription coactivator activity	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in compound eye development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of ecdysone receptor signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in progression of morphogenetic furrow involved in compound eye morphogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in progression of morphogenetic furrow involved in compound eye morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ecdysone	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of MLL3/4 complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of MLL3/4 complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in polytene chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in polytene chromosome puff	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: trithorax-related

Names: CG3848-PC; CG3848-PD; Trithorax-related; Trx-related; trithorax related; trithorax-related protein; trr-PC; trr-PD

NP_525040.2

EC 2.1.1.364

EC 2.1.1.370

NP_726773.2

EC 2.1.1.364

EC 2.1.1.370

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

Range

1881313..1889950 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_080301.3 → NP_525040.2 trithorax-related, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_525040.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q8IRW8

Related

FBpp0070346

Conserved Domains (7) summary

PHA03255
Location:124 → 299

PHA03255; BDLF3; Provisional

smart00542
Location:2105 → 2194

FYRC; FY-rich domain, C-terminal region

smart00317
Location:2270 → 2392

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

smart00508
Location:2394 → 2410

PostSET; Cysteine-rich motif following a subset of SET domains

COG2940
Location:2245 → 2410

SET; SET domain-containing protein (function unknown) [General function prediction only]

cd15666
Location:1877 → 1981

ePHD2_KMT2C_like; Extended PHD finger 2 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) and 2D (KMT2D)

pfam05964
Location:2047 → 2097

FYRN; F/Y-rich N-terminus
NM_166911.4 → NP_726773.2 trithorax-related, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_726773.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O46083, Q8IRW8, Q8MYR5, Q8T9I7, Q9W548

Related

FBpp0070347

Conserved Domains (7) summary

PHA03255
Location:184 → 320

PHA03255; BDLF3; Provisional

smart00542
Location:2126 → 2215

FYRC; FY-rich domain, C-terminal region

smart00317
Location:2291 → 2413

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

smart00508
Location:2415 → 2431

PostSET; Cysteine-rich motif following a subset of SET domains

COG2940
Location:2266 → 2431

SET; SET domain-containing protein (function unknown) [General function prediction only]

cd15666
Location:1898 → 2002

ePHD2_KMT2C_like; Extended PHD finger 2 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) and 2D (KMT2D)

pfam05964
Location:2068 → 2118

FYRN; F/Y-rich N-terminus