cos costa [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: cosprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: costaprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0000352
Locus tag: Dmel_CG1708
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0000352
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG1708; Cos; cos-2; Cos-2; cos2; Cos2; COS2; Costal2; Cos[2]; COS[2]; DmCos2; Dmel\CG1708; KIF26A/B; Kif7; l(2)161/28; l(2)cos[[2]]; l(2)k16101; l(2)k16128
Summary: Enables several functions, including enzyme binding activity; microtubule binding activity; and smoothened binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cytoplasmic sequestering of protein; intraciliary transport; and negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway. Located in cytosol. Part of Hedgehog signaling complex and microtubule associated complex. Colocalizes with extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane. Is expressed in organism; segment; wing disc; and wing disc anterior compartment. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in acrocallosal syndrome; cleft lip; and hydrolethalus syndrome 2. Orthologous to human KIF27 (kinesin family member 27) and KIF7 (kinesin family member 7). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 43B1-43B2; 2-56 cM

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2R	NT_033778.4 (7382176..7387115, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2R	NT_033778.3 (3269681..3274620, complement)

Chromosome 2R - NT_033778.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Evolutionarily selected sequence differences enable immotile Cos2 motors to function not as transporters but as microtubule-based tethers of signaling complexes.
Title: Altered chemomechanical coupling causes impaired motility of the kinesin-4 motors KIF27 and KIF7.
Cos2 is sumoylated, which counteracts its inhibitory role on Smo accumulation in the wing.
Title: SUMO regulates the activity of Smoothened and Costal-2 in Drosophila Hedgehog signaling.
We identified Ubr3, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, as a novel, positive regulator of Hh signaling in Drosophila and vertebrates. Hh signaling regulates the Ubr3-mediated poly-ubiquitination and degradation of Cos2, a central component of Hh signaling. In developing Drosophila eye discs, loss of ubr3 leads to a delayed differentiation of photoreceptors and a reduction in Hh signaling.
Title: Ubr3, a Novel Modulator of Hh Signaling Affects the Degradation of Costal-2 and Kif7 through Poly-ubiquitination.
Data show Ci interaction with Su(fu) or Cos2 correlates with Su(fu)- or Cos2-mediated suppression of Ci activity
Title: A Comparison of Ci/Gli Activity as Regulated by Sufu in Drosophila and Mammalian Hedgehog Response.
Data show that normal Ci-155 activation by Hh requires Cos2 binding to Fu, supporting the hypothesis that Cos2 mediates the apposition of Fu molecules suitable for cross-phosphorylation and consequent full activation of Fu kinase.
Title: Contributions of Costal 2-Fused interactions to Hedgehog signaling in Drosophila.
Hh-induced Smo conformational change facilitates the assembly of active Smo-Cos2-Fu signaling complexes that promote Fu kinase domain dimerization, phosphorylation and activation; Fu regulates both the activator and repressor forms of Ci
Title: The Hedgehog-induced Smoothened conformational switch assembles a signaling complex that activates Fused by promoting its dimerization and phosphorylation.
The CORD region of Ci has a second function distinct from Cos2 binding that inhibits Ci processing. Cos2 binding to CORD relieves this inhibition.
Title: Costal 2 interactions with Cubitus interruptus (Ci) underlying Hedgehog-regulated Ci processing.
analysis of phosphorylation of the kinesin Costal-2 in vivo reveals requirement of fused kinase activity for all levels of hedgehog signalling
Title: Dynamic phosphorylation of the kinesin Costal-2 in vivo reveals requirement of fused kinase activity for all levels of hedgehog signalling.
Cos2 motility plays an important role in its function, regulating the amounts and activity of Ci that ultimately interpret the level of Hh to which cells are exposed.
Title: Costal2 functions as a kinesin-like protein in the hedgehog signal transduction pathway.
Data suggest that, after activation of Smoothened, the Fused kinase induces a conformational change in Costal2 that allows the disassembly of the Smo-Fu-Cos2-Cubitus interruptus complex and consequent activation of Hedgehog target genes.
Title: Phosphorylation of the atypical kinesin Costal2 by the kinase Fused induces the partial disassembly of the Smoothened-Fused-Costal2-Cubitus interruptus complex in Hedgehog signalling.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (15)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ATP hydrolysis activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables cytoskeletal motor activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables microtubule binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables microtubule binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables microtubule binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables microtubule motor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables microtubule motor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables molecular sequestering activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables signaling adaptor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables smoothened binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cytoplasmic sequestering of protein	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in follicle cell of egg chamber development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in intraciliary transport	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in microtubule-based movement	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in microtubule-based movement	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of apoptotic process	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in smoothened signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in smoothened signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in smoothened signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in smoothened signaling pathway	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Hedgehog signaling complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of kinesin complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of kinesin complex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
is_active_in microtubule	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of microtubule associated complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: costa

Names: CG1708-PA; CG1708-PB; Costal-2; DmCostal2; Kinesin_B; cos-PA; cos-PB; costal 2; costal2; enhancer of epaulette

NP_001260765.1

EC 5.6.1.3

NP_477092.1

EC 5.6.1.3

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033778.4 Reference assembly

Range

7382176..7387115 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_057744.3 → NP_477092.1 costa, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_477092.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A1Z6X4, B5RIP3, O16844, Q6AWI9, Q8IH04

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KED9

Related

FBpp0088087

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cl22853
Location:132 → 389

Motor_domain; Myosin and Kinesin motor domain

cl02488
Location:657 → 856

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
NM_001273836.1 → NP_001260765.1 costa, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001260765.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A1Z6X4, B5RIP3, O16844, Q6AWI9, Q8IH04

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KED9

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cl22853
Location:132 → 389

Motor_domain; Myosin and Kinesin motor domain

cl02488
Location:657 → 856

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...