Spon2 spondin 2 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Symbol: Spon2provided by RGD
Full Name: spondin 2provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:708584
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000006033 AllianceGenome:RGD:708584
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables signaling receptor binding activity. Involved in cell adhesion; cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus; and vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation. Predicted to be located in extracellular space. Predicted to be active in extracellular matrix. Orthologous to human SPON2 (spondin 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Lung (RPKM 418.5), Uterus (RPKM 136.3) and 6 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14q21

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	14	NC_086032.1 (81713070..81742510)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	14	NC_051349.1 (77505695..77518001)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	14	NC_005113.4 (82815158..82824529)

Chromosome 14 - NC_086032.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Mindin protects against vascular hyperplasia by suppression of abnormal VSMC proliferation, migration and phenotypic switching in an AKT-dependent manner.
Title: Mindin regulates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype and prevents neointima formation.
3'G-oligodeoxyribonucleotides enhance nucleus YB-1 to inhibit F-spondin leading to cell death and neurite retraction of embryonic neuron cells.
Title: 3'poly-G-tailed ODNs inhibit F-spondin to induce cell death and neurite retraction in rat embryonic neurons.
Spon2 protein was 9.2-fold & mRNA 16.5-fold higher in the T3-treated thyroidectomized (Tx)rats compared with the Tx group.
Title: Positive regulation of spondin 2 by thyroid hormone is associated with cell migration and invasion.
These studies identify F-spondin as a novel protein in osteoarthritis cartilage, where it may act in situ at lesional areas to activate latent TGF-beta and induce cartilage degradation.
Title: F-spondin, a neuroregulatory protein, is up-regulated in osteoarthritis and regulates cartilage metabolism via TGF-beta activation.
NMR solution structures of TSR domains of F-spondin showed that they have an unusual fold that is characterized by a long, nonglobular shape, consisting of two beta-strands and one irregular extended strand.
Title: Solution structures of the first and fourth TSR domains of F-spondin.
F-spondin can alter cell differentiation in multiple ways, depending upon its concentration and distribution between substrate-attached and soluble forms.
Title: F-spondin promotes nerve precursor differentiation.

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General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables antigen binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables lipopolysaccharide binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables signaling receptor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell adhesion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell adhesion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response to bacterium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response to fungus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response to virus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within induction of bacterial agglutination	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within innate immune response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within mast cell mediated immunity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within opsonization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to lipopolysaccharide	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in extracellular matrix	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular matrix	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: spondin-2

Names: F-spondin; mindin; spondin 2, extracellular matrix protein; spondin-2-like

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_138533.3 → NP_612542.1 spondin-2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_612542.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

BC078734

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9WV75

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6IK68

Related

ENSRNOP00000008262.6, ENSRNOT00000008262.8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00209
Location:279 → 329

TSP1; Thrombospondin type 1 repeats

pfam06468
Location:40 → 227

Spond_N; Spondin_N

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086032.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

81713070..81742510

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_017599063.3 → XP_017454552.1 spondin-2 isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9WV75

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6IK68
XM_017599062.3 → XP_017454551.1 spondin-2 isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9WV75

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6IK68