Gnal guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating, olfactory type [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gnalprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating, olfactory typeprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:95774
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000024524 AllianceGenome:MGI:95774
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Golf; Hg1o; Gna10; Galphaolf; 2610011C15Rik; 9630020G10Rik
Summary: Enables G protein activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including activation of adenylate cyclase activity; adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway; and response to caffeine. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be part of heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. Is expressed in nervous system; sensory organ; and spleen. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in dystonia 25. Orthologous to human GNAL (G protein subunit alpha L). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Broad expression in CNS E18 (RPKM 24.2), cortex adult (RPKM 22.2) and 15 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 18 E1; 18 39.85 cM

Exon count:: 14

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	18	NC_000084.7 (67221369..67359863)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	18	NC_000084.6 (67088298..67226792)

Chromosome 18 - NC_000084.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Neuron specific quantitation of Galphaolf expression and signaling in murine brain tissue.
Title: Neuron specific quantitation of Gα(olf) expression and signaling in murine brain tissue.
Golf protein expression in the olfactory cilia is promoted by LRBA protein.
Title: The BEACH Protein LRBA Promotes the Localization of the Heterotrimeric G-protein G(olf) to Olfactory Cilia.
In this study, we report that in the striatum AC5 exists in a stable pre-coupled complex with subunits of Golf heterotrimer.
Title: Stable G protein-effector complexes in striatal neurons: mechanism of assembly and role in neurotransmitter signaling.
results show a homeostatic, negative regulation of Galphaolf by dopamine and by D1R stimulation, which are also required for the striosomal Galphaolf pattern.
Title: Dopaminergic regulation of olfactory type G-protein α subunit expression in the striatum.
Data showed the presence mRNA of obligated downstream components of olfactory receptor signaling Adcy3 and Gnal in the cerebral cortex of the mouse.
Title: Dysregulation of brain olfactory and taste receptors in AD, PSP and CJD, and AD-related model.
This study demonistrated that Galphaolf upregulation in dyskinetic mice
Title: Gα(olf) mutation allows parsing the role of cAMP-dependent and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent signaling in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia.
The absence of Rhes modulates cAMP/PKA signalling in both striatopallidal and striatonigral projection neurons by increasing Golf protein levels and, in turn, influencing motor responses challenged by dopaminergic agonist/antagonist.
Title: The GTP-binding protein Rhes modulates dopamine signalling in striatal medium spiny neurons.
findings suggest that type 5 adenylyl cyclase does not contribute to striatal cAMP signaling at birth. However, it may play an important role in developmental changes in the expression of Galphaolf, but not Galphas.
Title: Disruption of type 5 adenylyl cyclase negates the developmental increase in Galphaolf expression in the striatum.

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Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (2)
Targeted (1) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

d18rat89 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:121349

UniSTS:237833 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:237833

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:237834

Gnal (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:496672

BF417987 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:249704

AI843190 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:166102

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables G protein activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info	PubMed
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within activation of adenylate cyclase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to dopamine	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of long-term synaptic depression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to amphetamine	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to caffeine	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sensory perception of chemical stimulus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within sensory perception of smell	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha

Names: G alpha 10; adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein, olfactory type; guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 10; heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1o

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_010307.3 → NP_034437.1 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034437.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the use of an alternate promoter, differs in the 5' UTR and initiates translation at an alternate start codon compared to variant 2. The encoded protein (isoform 1) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform 2.

Source sequence(s)

AC140336, AK158831

Consensus CDS

CCDS29318.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TY78

Related

ENSMUSP00000075908.8, ENSMUST00000076605.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00066
Location:43 → 375

G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)
NM_177137.5 → NP_796111.2 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_796111.2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (2).

Source sequence(s)

AC140336, AK035952, BC078439

Consensus CDS

CCDS29317.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TY78, Q66L47

Related

ENSMUSP00000025402.8, ENSMUST00000025402.15

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00066
Location:110 → 442

G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000084.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

67221369..67359863

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_030250337.2 → XP_030106197.1 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TY78

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00066
Location:43 → 375

G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)
XM_036160989.1 → XP_036016882.1 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TY78

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00066
Location:43 → 375

G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)