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    toxA exotoxin A [ Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 ]

    Gene ID: 877850, updated on 11-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Gene symbol
    toxA
    Gene description
    exotoxin A
    Locus tag
    PA1148
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (strain: PAO1)
    Lineage
    Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Pseudomonadales; Pseudomonadaceae; Pseudomonas
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    Genomic context

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    Sequence:
    NC_002516.2 (1240584..1242500, complement)

    NC_002516.2Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenase Neighboring gene amino acid permease Neighboring gene hypothetical protein Neighboring gene pyocin-S2

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_002516.2

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. [Production and properties evaluation of monoclonal antibodies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A]. Soldatenkova AV, et al. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol, 2014 Jan-Feb. PMID 24738291
    2. Virulence of an exotoxin A-deficient strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa toward the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Chieda Y, et al. Microb Pathog, 2011 Dec. PMID 21945328
    3. Norepinephrine represses the expression of toxA and the siderophore genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Li W, et al. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 2009 Oct. PMID 19686346, Free PMC Article
    4. Increasing the antitumor effect of an EpCAM-targeting fusion toxin by facile click PEGylation. Simon M, et al. Mol Cancer Ther, 2014 Feb. PMID 24184633
    5. A novel combination immunotherapy for cancer by IL-13Rα2-targeted DNA vaccine and immunotoxin in murine tumor models. Nakashima H, et al. J Immunol, 2011 Nov 15. PMID 22013118, Free PMC Article

    See all (20) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Our results show that the chimeric EGFETA toxin is extremely effective against EGFRpositive cancers and raises the potential to further develop this chimera for use in targeting EGFRpositive tumours resistant to monoclonal antibodies.
      Title: EGF ligand fused to truncated Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A specifically targets and inhibits EGFR‑positive cancer cells.
    2. Studied the presence of virulence genes (B-type flagellin [fliC], exotoxin A [toxA] and phzS) using molecular typing among isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultured from specimens from diabetic foot. Found fliC, toxA and phzS genes can play important roles in tissue penetration, tissue damage and survival.
      Title: Virulence genes fliC, toxA and phzS are common among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from diabetic foot infections.
    3. Data indicate that anti-EpCAM fusion toxin for tumor targeting by click PEGylation suggest new perspectives for effective cancer-related therapy.
      Title: Increasing the antitumor effect of an EpCAM-targeting fusion toxin by facile click PEGylation.
    4. Use of the antibodies produced for testing toxigenicity of P. aeruginosa strains as well as detection of anatoxin in the technological process of production of prophylaxis preparations based on exotoxin A is expected.
      Title: [Production and properties evaluation of monoclonal antibodies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A].
    5. The highest level was observed for IL-1 and IL-6 after administration of recombinant proteins OprL, OprF, OprF-1, aTox.
      Title: [Pseudomonas aeruginosa recombinant proteins: effect on mice cytokine profile].
    6. PtxS modulates PtxR activity in response to 2-ketogluconate by complex formation in solution in the case of the P(toxA) promoter, or via the formation of a DNA loop as in the regulation of gluconate catabolic genes
      Title: Genes for carbon metabolism and the ToxA virulence factor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa are regulated through molecular interactions of PtxR and PtxS.
    7. ATF-7 and ZIP-2 transcription factors are required for preventing ToxA-mediated lethality.
      Title: Host translational inhibition by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A Triggers an immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans.
    8. These results indicated that exotoxin A acts as a virulence factor in Bombyx mori and that other virulence factor(s) are involved during the late stages of infection.
      Title: Virulence of an exotoxin A-deficient strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa toward the silkworm, Bombyx mori.
    9. When combined with IL-13Ralpha2 DNA cancer vaccine, Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A mediates synergistic antitumor effects on tumor growth and metastasis in established murine breast carcinoma and sarcoma tumor models.
      Title: A novel combination immunotherapy for cancer by IL-13Rα2-targeted DNA vaccine and immunotoxin in murine tumor models.
    10. Norepinephrine represses the expression of toxA and the siderophore genes.
      Title: Norepinephrine represses the expression of toxA and the siderophore genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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    General gene information

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    Homology

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    exotoxin A
    NP_249839.1
    • Product name confidence: class 1 (Function experimentally demonstrated in P. aeruginosa)

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_002516.2 Reference assembly

      Range
      1240584..1242500 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NP_249839.1 exotoxin A [Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_249839.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8B1P345
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam09101
      Location:27 → 275
      Exotox-A_bind; Exotoxin A binding
      pfam09009
      Location:447 → 618
      Exotox-A_cataly; Exotoxin A catalytic
      pfam09102
      Location:277 → 407
      Exotox-A_target; Exotoxin A, targeting
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P11439.2

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