Sim1 single-minded family bHLH transcription factor 1 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Sim1provided by MGI
Official Full Name: single-minded family bHLH transcription factor 1provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:98306
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000019913 AllianceGenome:MGI:98306
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: mSIM1; bHLHe14
Summary: Enables protein heterodimerization activity. Involved in ureteric bud development. Acts upstream of or within regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including central nervous system; embryo mesenchyme; future brain; genitourinary system; and sensory organ. Used to study obesity. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in obesity. Orthologous to human SIM1 (SIM bHLH transcription factor 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
Expression: Biased expression in kidney adult (RPKM 1.3), genital fat pad adult (RPKM 0.8) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 10 B3; 10 24.87 cM

Exon count:: 14

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	10	NC_000076.7 (50770794..50865252)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	10	NC_000076.6 (50894698..50989156)

Chromosome 10 - NC_000076.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The Temporal Neurogenesis Patterning of Spinal p3-V3 Interneurons into Divergent Subpopulation Assemblies.
Title: The Temporal Neurogenesis Patterning of Spinal p3-V3 Interneurons into Divergent Subpopulation Assemblies.
Our study provides novel functional evidence supporting LepRb signaling in Sim1 neurons in the regulation of body weight, core body temperature, and cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis.
Title: Leptin Receptor Signaling in Sim1-Expressing Neurons Regulates Body Temperature and Adaptive Thermogenesis.
Data (including data from studies in knockout mice) suggest that expression of Mc4r in Sim1 neurons of arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, and amygdala is involved in sexual function; here, expression of Mc4r only on Sim1 neurons reverses sexual deficits seen in Mc4r null mice. (Mc4r = melanocortin 4 receptor; Sim1 = single-minded homolog 1)
Title: Sim1 Neurons Are Sufficient for MC4R-Mediated Sexual Function in Male Mice.
Results demonstrate that Sim1 is essential for proper migration and the guidance of commissural axons of the spinal V3 interneurons
Title: Sim1 is required for the migration and axonal projections of V3 interneurons in the developing mouse spinal cord.
These findings reveal Sim1 as a critical yet previously unrecognized modulator of skeletal homeostasis that functions through a central relay.
Title: Sim1 inhibits bone formation by enhancing the sympathetic tone in male mice.
CB1 receptors on Sim1-positive neurons do not impact food intake but hinder energy expenditure during dietary environmental challenges that promote body weight gain.
Title: Cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors on Sim1-expressing neurons regulate energy expenditure in male mice.
Results show that Sim1 acts physiologically as well as developmentally to regulate body weight.
Title: Inducible neuronal inactivation of Sim1 in adult mice causes hyperphagic obesity.
Paraventricular nucleus Sim1 neuron ablation mediated obesity is resistant to high fat diet.
Title: Paraventricular nucleus Sim1 neuron ablation mediated obesity is resistant to high fat diet.
Sim1 neurons in adult mice regulate both food intake and energy expenditure
Title: Ablation of Sim1 neurons causes obesity through hyperphagia and reduced energy expenditure.
Sim1 is a regulator of dorsal raphe nucleus specification acting upstream of Pet1 and Tph2.
Title: Sim1 is a novel regulator in the differentiation of mouse dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (23)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Chemically induced (ENU) (1)
Endonuclease-mediated (2)
Targeted (6) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:236348

Sim1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:497285

PMC317216P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273080

Sim1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:545982

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein heterodimerization activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein heterodimerization activity	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in nervous system development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in ureteric bud development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: single-minded homolog 1

Names: single-minded 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_011376.3 → NP_035506.2 single-minded homolog 1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC152948, AC153951

Consensus CDS

CCDS48556.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O70284, P70183, Q61045

Related

ENSMUSP00000020071.4, ENSMUST00000020071.4

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd00130
Location:88 → 158

PAS; PAS domain; PAS motifs appear in archaea, eubacteria and eukarya. Probably the most surprising identification of a PAS domain was that in EAG-like K+-channels. PAS domains have been found to bind ligands, and to act as sensors for light and oxygen in ...

pfam06621
Location:360 → 668

SIM_C; Single-minded protein C-terminus

pfam08447
Location:243 → 329

PAS_3; PAS fold

cd19738
Location:1 → 71

bHLH-PAS_SIM1; basic helix-loop-helix-Per-ARNT-Sim (bHLH-PAS) domain found in single-minded homolog 1 (SIM1) and similar proteins

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000076.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

50770794..50865252

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006512626.4 → XP_006512689.1 single-minded homolog 1 isoform X1

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd00130
Location:124 → 194

PAS; PAS domain; PAS motifs appear in archaea, eubacteria and eukarya. Probably the most surprising identification of a PAS domain was that in EAG-like K+-channels. PAS domains have been found to bind ligands, and to act as sensors for light and oxygen in ...

pfam06621
Location:396 → 704

SIM_C; Single-minded protein C-terminus

pfam08447
Location:279 → 365

PAS_3; PAS fold

cd19738
Location:1 → 107

bHLH-PAS_SIM1; basic helix-loop-helix-Per-ARNT-Sim (bHLH-PAS) domain found in single-minded homolog 1 (SIM1) and similar proteins
XM_006512627.4 → XP_006512690.1 single-minded homolog 1 isoform X2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O70284, P70183, Q61045

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd00130
Location:88 → 158

PAS; PAS domain; PAS motifs appear in archaea, eubacteria and eukarya. Probably the most surprising identification of a PAS domain was that in EAG-like K+-channels. PAS domains have been found to bind ligands, and to act as sensors for light and oxygen in ...

pfam06621
Location:360 → 668

SIM_C; Single-minded protein C-terminus

pfam08447
Location:243 → 329

PAS_3; PAS fold

cd19738
Location:1 → 71

bHLH-PAS_SIM1; basic helix-loop-helix-Per-ARNT-Sim (bHLH-PAS) domain found in single-minded homolog 1 (SIM1) and similar proteins
XM_006512632.4 → XP_006512695.1 single-minded homolog 1 isoform X5

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00130
Location:124 → 194

PAS; PAS domain; PAS motifs appear in archaea, eubacteria and eukarya. Probably the most surprising identification of a PAS domain was that in EAG-like K+-channels. PAS domains have been found to bind ligands, and to act as sensors for light and oxygen in ...

pfam08447
Location:279 → 365

PAS_3; PAS fold

cd19738
Location:1 → 107

bHLH-PAS_SIM1; basic helix-loop-helix-Per-ARNT-Sim (bHLH-PAS) domain found in single-minded homolog 1 (SIM1) and similar proteins
XM_006512630.1 → XP_006512693.1 single-minded homolog 1 isoform X3

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam06621
Location:225 → 533

SIM_C; Single-minded protein C-terminus

pfam08447
Location:108 → 194

PAS_3; PAS fold
XM_006512631.1 → XP_006512694.1 single-minded homolog 1 isoform X4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam06621
Location:163 → 471

SIM_C; Single-minded protein C-terminus

pfam08447
Location:46 → 132

PAS_3; PAS fold