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    Atg12 autophagy related 12 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

    Gene ID: 361321, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Atg12provided by RGD
    Official Full Name
    autophagy related 12provided by RGD
    Primary source
    RGD:1306306
    See related
    EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000000157 AllianceGenome:RGD:1306306
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Rattus norvegicus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
    Also known as
    Apg12l
    Summary
    Predicted to enable protein tag activity. Predicted to contribute to Atg8-family ligase activity. Involved in autophagy. Part of protein-containing complex. Orthologous to human ATG12 (autophagy related 12). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in Thymus (RPKM 216.0), Brain (RPKM 202.9) and 9 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See Atg12 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    18q11
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 18 NC_086036.1 (41638841..41649311, complement)
    RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 18 NC_051353.1 (39452247..39462424, complement)
    106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 18 NC_005117.4 (40721799..40732143, complement)

    Chromosome 18 - NC_086036.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A Neighboring gene 40S ribosomal protein S23-like Neighboring gene cysteine dioxygenase type 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134482941 Neighboring gene adaptor related protein complex 3 subunit sigma 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120098117 Neighboring gene laeverin

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
    • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
    • BioProject: PRJNA238328
    • Publication: PMID 24510058
    • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Long-term androgen excess induces insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in PCOS-like rats. Cui P, et al. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2021 Apr. PMID 33513383
    2. miR-23b improves cognitive impairments in traumatic brain injury by targeting ATG12-mediated neuronal autophagy. Sun L, et al. Behav Brain Res, 2018 Mar 15. PMID 27630106
    3. Changes in autophagy after traumatic brain injury. Liu CL, et al. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2008 Apr. PMID 18059433, Free PMC Article
    4. Scanning Electron-Assisted Dielectric Microscopy Reveals Autophagosome Formation by LC3 and ATG12 in Cultured Mammalian Cells. Okada T, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2021 Feb 12. PMID 33673233, Free PMC Article
    5. The Atg16L complex specifies the site of LC3 lipidation for membrane biogenesis in autophagy. Fujita N, et al. Mol Biol Cell, 2008 May. PMID 18321988, Free PMC Article

    See all (14) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Long-term androgen excess induces insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in PCOS-like rats.
      Title: Long-term androgen excess induces insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in PCOS-like rats.
    2. Scanning Electron-Assisted Dielectric Microscopy Reveals Autophagosome Formation by LC3 and ATG12 in Cultured Mammalian Cells.
      Title: Scanning Electron-Assisted Dielectric Microscopy Reveals Autophagosome Formation by LC3 and ATG12 in Cultured Mammalian Cells.
    3. Study demonstrated that miR-23b expression was significantly downregulated following traumatic brain injury (TBI). In model TBI, overexpression of miR-23b reduced the lesion volume, brain edema and neuronal apoptosis, and improves cognitive dysfunction. miR-23b specifically bound with the 3' UTR of ATG12 mRNA and modulated its translation; suppressed neuronal autophagy by directly targeting ATG12 expression.
      Title: miR-23b improves cognitive impairments in traumatic brain injury by targeting ATG12-mediated neuronal autophagy.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC125080

    Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    contributes_to Atg8-family ligase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein tag activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in autophagosome assembly IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in autophagosome assembly IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in autophagosome assembly ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in autophagosome maturation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in autophagy IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in autophagy of mitochondrion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glycophagy IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in innate immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in macroautophagy ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of defense response to virus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of innate immune response ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of type I interferon production ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of viral translation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of autophagosome maturation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in autophagosome ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in autophagosome membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in phagophore assembly site membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in phagophore assembly site membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    part_of protein-containing complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of transferase complex ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    ubiquitin-like protein ATG12
    Names
    ATG12 autophagy related 12 homolog
    autophagy 12-like
    autophagy-related protein 12

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001038495.1 → NP_001033584.1  ubiquitin-like protein ATG12

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001033584.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      Source sequence(s)
      BC110056
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q2TBJ5, Q5M9F9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A6IWW9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01612
      Location:55 → 140
      Ubl_ATG12; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCr8

    Genomic

    1. NC_086036.1 Reference GRCr8

      Range
      41638841..41649311 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_039096964.2 → XP_038952892.1  ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 isoform X2

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01612
      Location:22 → 106
      Ubl_ATG12; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12)

    2. XM_039096963.2 → XP_038952891.1  ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8I5ZYH3
      Related
      ENSRNOP00000000170.5, ENSRNOT00000000170.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01612
      Location:47 → 131
      Ubl_ATG12; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12)

    3. XM_063277470.1 → XP_063133540.1  ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 isoform X3

    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q2TBJ5.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q2TBJ5

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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