MMS21 SUMO ligase MMS21 [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: MMS21
Official Full Name: SUMO ligase MMS21
Primary source: SGD:S000000745
Locus tag: YEL019C
See related: AllianceGenome:SGD:S000000745; FungiDB:YEL019C; VEuPathDB:YEL019C
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C (strain: S288C)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces
Also known as: NSE2; PSO10
Summary: Enables SUMO transferase activity and protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity. Involved in DNA double-strand break attachment to nuclear envelope and DNA repair. Located in nuclear envelope. Part of Smc5-Smc6 complex. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Seckel syndrome 10. Orthologous to human NSMCE2 (NSE2 (MMS21) homolog, SMC5-SMC6 complex SUMO ligase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
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Genomic context

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See MMS21 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: V

Exon count:: 1

Sequence:: Chromosome: V; NC_001137.3 (120498..121301, complement)

Chromosome V - NC_001137.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_001137.3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Structural basis for the E3 ligase activity enhancement of yeast Nse2 by SUMO-interacting motifs.
Title: Structural basis for the E3 ligase activity enhancement of yeast Nse2 by SUMO-interacting motifs.
Relocation of Collapsed Forks to the Nuclear Pore Complex Depends on Sumoylation of DNA Repair Proteins and Permits Rad51 Association.
Title: Relocation of Collapsed Forks to the Nuclear Pore Complex Depends on Sumoylation of DNA Repair Proteins and Permits Rad51 Association.
A natural variant of the essential host gene MMS21 restricts the parasitic 2-micron plasmid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Title: A natural variant of the essential host gene MMS21 restricts the parasitic 2-micron plasmid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Pol2 is the main target of SUMOylation within the replisome and its modification requires the SUMO-ligase Mms21, a subunit of the Smc5/6 complex
Title: The S phase checkpoint promotes the Smc5/6 complex dependent SUMOylation of Pol2, the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase ε.
These results reveal a mechanism to enhance a SUMO E3 ligase activity by direct DNA binding and to restrict sumoylation in the vicinity of those Smc5/6-Nse2 molecules engaged on DNA.
Title: DNA activates the Nse2/Mms21 SUMO E3 ligase in the Smc5/6 complex.
Mms21 prevents the accumulation of spontaneous DNA lesions that cause diverse gross chromosomal rearrangements.
Title: SUMO E3 ligase Mms21 prevents spontaneous DNA damage induced genome rearrangements.
Our findings reveal a requirement for the Smc5/6 complex, including Mms21/Nse2 mediated sumoylation, and topoisomerase-1 (Top1), for maintaining stability of a chromosome having low origin density and suggest a functional cooperation between the Smc5/6 complex and Top1 in maintenance of topologically challenged chromosomes prone to replication fork collapse or accumulation of torsional stress
Title: Genetic evidence for functional interaction of Smc5/6 complex and Top1 with spatial frequency of replication origins required for maintenance of chromosome stability.
Our findings reveal a functional interplay between Mms21 and Top1 in maintenance of longer chromosomes, and suggest that lack of sumoylation of Mms21 targets coupled with Top1 deficiency is a crucial requirement for accurate inheritance of longer chromosomes.
Title: Interplay between Top1 and Mms21/Nse2 mediated sumoylation in stable maintenance of long chromosomes.
mms21RINGDelta mutant exhibits (1) reduced ribosomal RNA production; (2) nuclear accumulation of ribosomal proteins; (3) elevated Gcn4 translation, indicating translational stress; We identified RPL19A as a novel genetic suppressor of the mms21RINGDelta mutant; Deletion of a previously identified strong suppressor, MPH1, rescues both the accumulation of ribosome subunits and translational stress
Title: Mms21 SUMO Ligase Activity Promotes Nucleolar Function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
double-strand break relocation to the nuclear envelope depends on SUMOylation mediated by the E3 ligases Siz2 and Mms21
Title: PolySUMOylation by Siz2 and Mms21 triggers relocation of DNA breaks to nuclear pores through the Slx5/Slx8 STUbL.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by SGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables SUMO ligase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables SUMO transferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables SUMO transferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables SUMO transferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables transferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	RCA inferred from Reviewed Computational Analysis more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in DNA double-strand break attachment to nuclear envelope	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in DNA recombination	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in DNA repair	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in DNA repair	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein sumoylation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in protein sumoylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Smc5-Smc6 complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of Smc5-Smc6 complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of Smc5-Smc6 complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nuclear envelope	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: SUMO ligase MMS21

NP_010896.3

Highly conserved SUMO E3 ligase subunit of SMC5-SMC6 complex; required for anchoring dsDNA breaks to the nuclear periphery; SMC5-SMC6 plays a key role in removal of X-shaped DNA structures that arise between sister chromatids during DNA replication and repair; required for efficient sister chromatid cohesion; mutants are sensitive to MMS, show increased spontaneous mutation and mitotic recombination; SUMOylates and inhibits Snf1p function; supports nucleolar function

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_001137.3 Reference assembly

Range

120498..121301 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001178834.3 → NP_010896.3 TPA: SUMO ligase MMS21 [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_010896.3

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D3DLN0, P38632

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6ZQT0, B3LRZ7, B5VHB7, C7GX24, C8Z6X9, G2WCL3, N1P3U5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

COG5627
Location:1 → 267

COG5627; SUMO ligase MMS21, Smc5/6 complex, required for cell growth and DNA repair [Replication, recombination and repair]