Rsad2 radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Rsad2provided by MGI
Official Full Name: radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:1929628
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000020641 AllianceGenome:MGI:1929628
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: SAND; Vig1; cig5; 2510004L01Rik
Summary: Predicted to enable 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding activity. Involved in several processes, including defense response to virus; negative regulation of viral genome replication; and positive regulation of immune response. Located in endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplet. Is expressed in liver. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in respiratory syncytial virus infectious disease. Orthologous to human RSAD2 (radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in liver E18 (RPKM 29.0), spleen adult (RPKM 9.1) and 7 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 12 A2; 12 9.69 cM

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	12	NC_000078.7 (26492742..26506451, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	12	NC_000078.6 (26442743..26456452, complement)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000078.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing 2, a potential target of D-tryptophan in asthma treatment, regulates T helper cell type 1/2 balance.
Title: Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing 2, a potential target of D-tryptophan in asthma treatment, regulates T helper cell type 1/2 balance.
A Cysteine Residue of Human Cytomegalovirus vMIA Protein Plays a Crucial Role in Viperin Trafficking to Control Viral Infectivity.
Title: A Cysteine Residue of Human Cytomegalovirus vMIA Protein Plays a Crucial Role in Viperin Trafficking to Control Viral Infectivity.
Viperin impairs the innate immune response through the IRAK1-TRAF6-TAK1 axis to promote Mtb infection.
Title: Viperin impairs the innate immune response through the IRAK1-TRAF6-TAK1 axis to promote Mtb infection.
Viperin is anti-viral in vitro but is dispensable for restricting dengue virus replication or induction of innate and inflammatory responses in vivo.
Title: Viperin is anti-viral in vitro but is dispensable for restricting dengue virus replication or induction of innate and inflammatory responses in vivo.
Cutting Edge: STAT1-Mediated Epigenetic Control of Rsad2 Promotes Clonal Expansion of Antiviral NK Cells.
Title: Cutting Edge: STAT1-Mediated Epigenetic Control of Rsad2 Promotes Clonal Expansion of Antiviral NK Cells.
Viperin (also known as radical SAM domain-containing 2 (RSAD2)) is expressed in differentiating chondrocytic cells and regulates their protein secretion and the outcome of chondrogenic differentiation by influencing transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)/SMAD family 2/3 (SMAD2/3) activity via C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10).
Title: The antiviral protein viperin regulates chondrogenic differentiation via CXCL10 protein secretion.
These results suggest that ZIKV can attenuate ISG expression to avoid the cellular antiviral innate response, thus allowing the virus to replicate unchecked. Moreover, we have identified that the ISG viperin has significant anti-ZIKV activity.
Title: Viperin is an important host restriction factor in control of Zika virus infection.
The viperin putative active site contains several conserved positively charged residues, and a portion of the active site shows structural similarity to the GTP-binding site of MoaA, suggesting that the viperin substrate may be a nucleoside triphosphate of some type.
Title: Structural studies of viperin, an antiviral radical SAM enzyme.
miR-200 family may potentially promote podocyte differentiation through repression of RSAD2 expression.
Title: miR-200 family promotes podocyte differentiation through repression of RSAD2.
data support the therapeutic potential for viperin to inhibit RABV replication, which appears to involve upstream regulation by TLR4.
Title: Viperin inhibits rabies virus replication via reduced cholesterol and sphingomyelin and is regulated upstream by TLR4.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (5)
Targeted (2) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables lyase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to virus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in defense response to virus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to virus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in innate immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein secretion	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of viral genome replication	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of viral genome replication	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in ossification	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of immune response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of ossification	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to virus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to virus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in fibrillar center	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in fibrillar center	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in lipid droplet	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial inner membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrial inner membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: S-adenosylmethionine-dependent nucleotide dehydratase RSAD2

Names: VHSV-induced-like protein; radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2; viperin; viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV)-induced gene 1; virus inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, interferon-inducible

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_021384.4 → NP_067359.2 S-adenosylmethionine-dependent nucleotide dehydratase RSAD2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_067359.2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AK151476, AK153234, CK623585

Consensus CDS

CCDS25848.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q3U5I6, Q3U5T4, Q3U622, Q3U627, Q3U7I6, Q3U7M1, Q3U8F4, Q3U8U7, Q3U941, Q3U977, Q3U9E1, Q3U9J0, Q3U9J3, Q3UBW6, Q3UC07, Q3UDI0, Q6PEU4, Q8CBB9, Q8VHM2, Q9JHD4

Related

ENSMUSP00000020970.8, ENSMUST00000020970.10

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd01335
Location:79 → 283

Radical_SAM; Radical SAM superfamily. Enzymes of this family generate radicals by combining a 4Fe-4S cluster and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) in close proximity. They are characterized by a conserved CxxxCxxC motif, which coordinates the conserved iron-sulfur cluster. ...

TIGR04278
Location:13 → 362

viperin; antiviral radical SAM protein viperin