IL34 interleukin 34 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: IL34provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: interleukin 34provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:28529
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000157368 MIM:612081; AllianceGenome:HGNC:28529
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: IL-34; C16orf77
Summary: Interleukin-34 is a cytokine that promotes the differentiation and viability of monocytes and macrophages through the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; MIM 164770) (Lin et al., 2008 [PubMed 18467591]).[supplied by OMIM, May 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in spleen (RPKM 59.9), skin (RPKM 16.8) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 16q22.1

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	16	NC_000016.10 (70579899..70660682)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	16	NC_060940.1 (76391088..76471868)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	16	NC_000016.9 (70613802..70694585)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Interleukin-34-orchestrated tumor-associated macrophage reprogramming is required for tumor immune escape driven by p53 inactivation.
Title: Interleukin-34-orchestrated tumor-associated macrophage reprogramming is required for tumor immune escape driven by p53 inactivation.
SAMHD1 dysfunction induces IL-34 expression via NF-kappaB p65 in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells.
Title: SAMHD1 dysfunction induces IL-34 expression via NF-κB p65 in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells.
Longitudinal associations between serum IL-34 with severity and prognosis in community-acquired pneumonia patients.
Title: Longitudinal associations between serum IL-34 with severity and prognosis in community-acquired pneumonia patients.
Elevated serum IL-34 is correlated with disease severity in patients with biliary atresia following Kasai portoenterostomy.
Title: Elevated serum IL-34 is correlated with disease severity in patients with biliary atresia following Kasai portoenterostomy.
Cut-off value for interleukin-34 as an additional potential inflammatory biomarker for estimation of slow coronary flow risk.
Title: Cut-off value for interleukin-34 as an additional potential inflammatory biomarker for estimation of slow coronary flow risk.
Elevated circulating levels of IL-34 are strongly associated with osteoporosis.
Title: Elevated circulating levels of IL-34 are strongly associated with osteoporosis.
Interleukin-34-NF-kappaB signaling aggravates myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury by facilitating macrophage recruitment and polarization.
Title: Interleukin-34-NF-κB signaling aggravates myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury by facilitating macrophage recruitment and polarization.
A mechanism of IL-34-induced resistance against cytotoxic anti-cancer therapies such as radiation by X-ray and chemotherapy by Oxaliplatin.
Title: A mechanism of IL-34-induced resistance against cytotoxic anti-cancer therapies such as radiation by X-ray and chemotherapy by Oxaliplatin.
BMP-2 Genome-Edited Human MSCs Protect against Cartilage Degeneration via Suppression of IL-34 in Collagen-Induced Arthritis.
Title: BMP-2 Genome-Edited Human MSCs Protect against Cartilage Degeneration via Suppression of IL-34 in Collagen-Induced Arthritis.
Emerging roles of IL-34 in neurodegenerative and neurological infectious disease.
Title: Emerging roles of IL-34 in neurodegenerative and neurological infectious disease.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (82)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-60857 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:22310

GDB:631802 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:158429

G62886 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:140011

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cytokine activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in inflammatory response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in innate immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in interleukin-34-mediated signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in microglial cell proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of MAP kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage differentiation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of macrophage proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of monocyte differentiation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of monocyte differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: interleukin-34

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001172771.2 → NP_001166242.1 interleukin-34 isoform 2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001166242.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AK172744, AW292500, BQ709387, CD515627, EU599219

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q6ZMJ4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:28 → 183

IL34; Interleukin 34
NM_001172772.2 → NP_001166243.1 interleukin-34 isoform 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001166243.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC020763, AK172744, AW292500, CD248375

Consensus CDS

CCDS10895.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B2RC28, B2Z4A8, B2ZC70, Q6ZMJ4, Q8N6L2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:28 → 184

IL34; Interleukin 34
NM_001393493.1 → NP_001380422.1 interleukin-34 isoform 1 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC020763, AC106804

Consensus CDS

CCDS10895.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B2RC28, B2Z4A8, B2ZC70, Q6ZMJ4, Q8N6L2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:28 → 184

IL34; Interleukin 34
NM_001393494.1 → NP_001380423.1 interleukin-34 isoform 1 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC020763

Consensus CDS

CCDS10895.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B2RC28, B2Z4A8, B2ZC70, Q6ZMJ4, Q8N6L2

Related

ENSP00000288098.2, ENST00000288098.7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:28 → 184

IL34; Interleukin 34
NM_001393495.1 → NP_001380424.1 interleukin-34 isoform 2 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC020763, AC106804

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:28 → 183

IL34; Interleukin 34
NM_001393496.1 → NP_001380425.1 interleukin-34 isoform 2 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC020763

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:28 → 183

IL34; Interleukin 34
NM_001393497.1 → NP_001380426.1 interleukin-34 isoform 3

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC020763

Consensus CDS

CCDS92192.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

J3QQT3

Related

ENSP00000463886.1, ENST00000566361.1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:3 → 159

IL34; Interleukin 34
NM_001393498.1 → NP_001380427.1 interleukin-34 isoform 4

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC020763

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:3 → 158

IL34; Interleukin 34
NM_152456.3 → NP_689669.2 interleukin-34 isoform 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_689669.2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AK172744, AW292500, BQ709387

Consensus CDS

CCDS10895.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B2RC28, B2Z4A8, B2ZC70, Q6ZMJ4, Q8N6L2

Related

ENSP00000397863.2, ENST00000429149.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15036
Location:28 → 184

IL34; Interleukin 34