CTSK cathepsin K [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CTSKprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cathepsin Kprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:2536
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000143387 MIM:601105; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2536
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CTSO; PKND; PYCD; CTS02; CTSO1; CTSO2
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a lysosomal cysteine proteinase involved in bone remodeling and resorption. This protein, which is a member of the peptidase C1 protein family, is predominantly expressed in osteoclasts. However, the encoded protein is also expressed in a significant fraction of human breast cancers, where it could contribute to tumor invasiveness. Mutations in this gene are the cause of pycnodysostosis, an autosomal recessive disease characterized by osteosclerosis and short stature. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2013]
Expression: Broad expression in gall bladder (RPKM 190.4), urinary bladder (RPKM 132.0) and 15 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q21.3

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (150796208..150808260, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (149919861..149931947, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (150768684..150780736, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Cathepsin K deficiency prevented stress-related thrombosis in a mouse FeCl3 model.
Title: Cathepsin K deficiency prevented stress-related thrombosis in a mouse FeCl(3) model.
mTOR eosinophilic renal cell carcinoma: a distinctive tumor characterized by mTOR mutation, loss of chromosome 1, cathepsin-K expression, and response to target therapy.
Title: mTOR eosinophilic renal cell carcinoma: a distinctive tumor characterized by mTOR mutation, loss of chromosome 1, cathepsin-K expression, and response to target therapy.
Lung macrophages utilize unique cathepsin K-dependent phagosomal machinery to degrade intracellular collagen.
Title: Lung macrophages utilize unique cathepsin K-dependent phagosomal machinery to degrade intracellular collagen.
Cathepsin K regulates the tumor growth and metastasis by IL-17/CTSK/EMT axis and mediates M2 macrophage polarization in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Title: Cathepsin K regulates the tumor growth and metastasis by IL-17/CTSK/EMT axis and mediates M2 macrophage polarization in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Cathepsin K is Superior to HMB45 for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Title: Cathepsin K is Superior to HMB45 for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Clinical and genetic characterization of three Russian patients with pycnodysostosis due to pathogenic variants in the CTSK gene.
Title: Clinical and genetic characterization of three Russian patients with pycnodysostosis due to pathogenic variants in the CTSK gene.
Genetic and Molecular Evaluation: Reporting Three Novel Mutations and Creating Awareness of Pycnodysostosis Disease.
Title: Genetic and Molecular Evaluation: Reporting Three Novel Mutations and Creating Awareness of Pycnodysostosis Disease.
The CD200-CD200R Axis Promotes Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasis via Regulation of Cathepsin K.
Title: The CD200-CD200R Axis Promotes Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasis via Regulation of Cathepsin K.
Cathepsin K (Clone EPR19992) Demonstrates Uniformly Positive Immunoreactivity in Renal Oncocytoma, Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma, and Distal Tubules.
Title: Cathepsin K (Clone EPR19992) Demonstrates Uniformly Positive Immunoreactivity in Renal Oncocytoma, Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma, and Distal Tubules.
Cathepsin K Regulates Intraocular Pressure by Modulating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Actin-Bundling in the Trabecular Meshwork Outflow Pathway.
Title: Cathepsin K Regulates Intraocular Pressure by Modulating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Actin-Bundling in the Trabecular Meshwork Outflow Pathway.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Pyknodysostosis MedGen: C0238402 OMIM: 265800 GeneReviews: Pycnodysostosis	Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association study identifies a new melanoma susceptibility locus at 1q21.3. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study identifies genetic risk underlying primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	Co-stimulation with pro-atherogenic shear stress and HIV-1 Tat upregulates cathepsin K and V activity in human aortic endothelial cells	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat and RANKL/M-CSF enhance osteoclast differentiation and activity by increasing osteoclast differentiation markers, such as cathepsin K and calcitonin receptor	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

CTSK (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:479753

D1S3284 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:19515

WI-9390 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:82525

WI-12245 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:59253

CTSK_1244 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277136

RH18001 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:48542

WI-16757 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:77807

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables collagen binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables cysteine-type peptidase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables fibronectin binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables proteoglycan binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in apoptotic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in bone resorption	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to tumor necrosis factor	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to zinc ion starvation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within collagen catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in collagen catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in extracellular matrix disassembly	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in intramembranous ossification	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in mitophagy	HMP more info	PubMed
involved_in mononuclear cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of cartilage development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in proteolysis	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ethanol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to insulin	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in thyroid hormone generation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in apical plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in endolysosome lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in external side of plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in lysosomal lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in lysosome	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in lysosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: cathepsin K

Names: cathepsin O; cathepsin O1; cathepsin O2; cathepsin X

NP_000387.1

EC 3.4.22.38

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_011848.2 RefSeqGene

Range

5000..17052

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_000396.4 → NP_000387.1 cathepsin K preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000387.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AL355860, AL356292

Consensus CDS

CCDS969.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P43235, Q6FHS6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6FHN2

Related

ENSP00000271651.3, ENST00000271651.8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00848
Location:26 → 85

Inhibitor_I29; Cathepsin propeptide inhibitor domain (I29)

pfam00112
Location:115 → 327

Peptidase_C1; Papain family cysteine protease