Gja4 gap junction protein, alpha 4 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gja4provided by RGD
Official Full Name: gap junction protein, alpha 4provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2691
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000014357 AllianceGenome:RGD:2691
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: CXN37; Cxnh1
Summary: Predicted to enable gap junction channel activity. Involved in several processes, including calcium ion transport; endothelium development; and response to pain. Located in gap junction. Part of connexin complex. Biomarker of ureteral obstruction. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Orthologous to human GJA4 (gap junction protein alpha 4). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Lung (RPKM 210.5), Heart (RPKM 67.9) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5q36

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	5	NC_086023.1 (144917791..144920324, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	5	NC_051340.1 (139633324..139635857, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	5	NC_005104.4 (145374688..145377221, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_086023.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Serine 319 phosphorylation is necessary and sufficient to induce a Cx37 conformation that leads to arrested cell cycling.
Title: Serine 319 phosphorylation is necessary and sufficient to induce a Cx37 conformation that leads to arrested cell cycling.
FFR levels increased along with decreased doses of siRNA CX37 lentivirus, indicating that siRNA CX37 lentivirus may reduce the risk of coronary atherosclerosis and provide a potential approach to treat coronary heart disease.
Title: Improving myocardial fractional flow reserve in coronary atherosclerosis via CX37 gene silence: a preclinical validation study in pigs.
Substituting alanine at serine residues 275, 302 and 328 eliminated Cx37-induced cell death, supported proliferation and reduced the GJCh closed state probability.
Title: Regulation of Cx37 channel and growth-suppressive properties by phosphorylation.
Cx37-N55I and -Q58L mutations formed hemichannels with behavior and permeation properties similar to Cx37-WT (especially Q58L), but none of the mutants suppressed rat insulinoma cell proliferation.
Title: Structural determinants and proliferative consequences of connexin 37 hemichannel function in insulinoma cells.
7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene increases Cx37 and Cx43 expression prior to follicle loss and during follicle loss both Cx37 and Cx43 expressions are reduced in cultured rat ovaries.
Title: Impact of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure on connexin gap junction proteins in cultured rat ovaries.
Differences in channel behavior of connexin 37 (Cx37) cytoplasmic loop mutants suggest that the Cx37-CT and pore-forming domains are both essential to growth suppression by Cx37.
Title: Carboxy terminus and pore-forming domain properties specific to Cx37 are necessary for Cx37-mediated suppression of insulinoma cell proliferation.
In the IVCs of IVC-banded ACF rats, which were exposed to a hemodynamic condition of high pressure and low flow velocity, the GJSNs and the TGJAs of Cx37 increased markedly.
Title: Differential endothelial gap junction expression in venous vessels exposed to different hemodynamics.
Renal epithelia express Cx37 in their basolateral membranes.
Title: Connexin 37 is localized in renal epithelia and responds to changes in dietary salt intake.
Report regulation of connexin 37 gene expression during skeletal muscle regeneration in the adult rat.
Title: Regulation of connexin gene expression during skeletal muscle regeneration in the adult rat.
Gap junctions, comprising connexins 37 and 40, transduce purinergic signals mediating renal autoregulation.
Title: Connexins 37 and 40 transduce purinergic signals mediating renal autoregulation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)

General gene information

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Markers

UniSTS:226049 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:226049

Gja4 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:226049

RH134065 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:217347

RH94392 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:119640

PMC197251P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271851

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables gap junction channel activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within blood vessel development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in calcium ion transport	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell-cell signaling	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell-cell signaling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in endothelium development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to pain	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in transmembrane transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of connexin complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of connexin complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in gap junction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in gap junction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: gap junction alpha-4 protein

Names: Gap junction membrane channel, protein alpha 4 (connexin 37); connexin h1; connexin-37; cx37; gap junction membrane channel protein alpha 4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.