SAK Sak kinase [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: SAKprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: Sak kinaseprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0026371
Locus tag: Dmel_CG7186
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0026371
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG7186; Dmel\CG7186; DmPlk4; DmPLK4; DmSAK; DSak; plk4; Plk4; PLK4; sak; Sak; SAK/PLK; Sak/Plk4; Sak/PLK4; SAK/Plk4; SAK/PLK4
Summary: Enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Involved in several processes, including microtubule cytoskeleton organization; regulation of centriole replication; and syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle. Colocalizes with centriole. Is expressed in several structures, including dorsal epidermis primordium; embryonic epipharynx; embryonic foregut; embryonic hypopharynx; and foregut primordium. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in microcephaly and chorioretinopathy 2. Orthologous to human PLK4 (polo like kinase 4). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 78D4-78D4; 3-47 cM

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3L	NT_037436.4 (21512141..21515887, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3L	NT_037436.3 (21505241..21508987, complement)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Plk4 Is a Novel Substrate of Protein Phosphatase 5.
Title: Plk4 Is a Novel Substrate of Protein Phosphatase 5.
A molecular mechanism for the procentriole recruitment of Ana2.
Title: A molecular mechanism for the procentriole recruitment of Ana2.
Nonphosphorylated Asl binds Plk4 and stimulates its kinase activity, but after Asl is phosphorylated, a negative-feedback mechanism suppresses Plk4 activity. This dual regulatory effect by Asl-A may limit Plk4 to bursts of activity that modulate centriole duplication.
Title: Asterless is a Polo-like kinase 4 substrate that both activates and inhibits kinase activity depending on its phosphorylation state.
Plk4 phosphorylates Cep135 to properly position the essential centriole component Asterless.
Title: A centrosome interactome provides insight into organelle assembly and reveals a non-duplication role for Plk4.
Plk4 phosphorylates Ana2 at S38 and STAN motif and promotes Ana2 recruitment to the centriole.
Title: Two-step phosphorylation of Ana2 by Plk4 is required for the sequential loading of Ana2 and Sas6 to initiate procentriole formation.
When Asl reduction is attenuated by Asl overexpression, plk4 mutations, Plk4 RNAi, or Slimb overexpression, Asl levels are higher in spermatozoa, resulting in embryos with reduced viability.
Title: Asterless Reduction during Spermiogenesis Is Regulated by Plk4 and Is Essential for Zygote Development in Drosophila.
Drosophila Plk4 phosphorylates four conserved serines in the STAN motif of the core centriole protein Ana2 to enable it to bind and recruit its Sas6 partner.
Title: Plk4 phosphorylates Ana2 to trigger Sas6 recruitment and procentriole formation.
Regulation of autophosphorylation controls PLK4 self-destruction and centriole number.PLK4 protein levels are controlled by Slimb.
Title: Regulation of autophosphorylation controls PLK4 self-destruction and centriole number.
Plk4 directly generates its own phosphodegron.Phosphorylation of only S293 of the Slimb-recognition motif is required for Slimb binding to Plk4.
Title: Polo-like kinase 4 autodestructs by generating its Slimb-binding phosphodegron.
Data indicate that interphase centrioles are closely associated with Sas-4, Spd-2, Polo kinase, Pericentrin-like protein (Dplp), Asterless (Asl), Plk4 kinase, Centrosomin (Cnn) and gamma-tubulin.
Title: Structured illumination of the interface between centriole and peri-centriolar material.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in centriole replication	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in centriole replication	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in centrosome cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in male meiotic nuclear division	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of centriole replication	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of protein stability	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sperm axoneme assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
colocalizes_with centriole	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: Sak kinase

Names: CG7186-PA; Polo-like kinase 4; SAK-PA

NP_649324.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_037436.4 Reference assembly

Range

21512141..21515887 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_141067.3 → NP_649324.1 Sak kinase [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_649324.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O97143, Q86NL8

Related

FBpp0078042

Conserved Domains (5) summary

smart00220
Location:14 → 267

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd13114
Location:382 → 497

POLO_box_Plk4_1; First (cryptic) polo-box domain (PBD) of polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4/Sak)

cd13115
Location:498 → 596

POLO_box_Plk4_2; Second (cryptic) polo-box domain (PBD) of polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4/Sak)

cd13116
Location:657 → 738

POLO_box_Plk4_3; C-terminal (third) polo-box domain (PBD) of polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4/Sak)

cd14186
Location:12 → 267

STKc_PLK4; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Polo-like kinase 4