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    PVR PVR cell adhesion molecule [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5817, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    PVRprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    PVR cell adhesion moleculeprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9705
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000073008 MIM:173850; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9705
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PVS; HVED; CD155; NECL5; TAGE4; Necl-5
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1. The gene is specific to the primate lineage, and serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in adrenal (RPKM 7.2), placenta (RPKM 6.6) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    all
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    Genomic context

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    See PVR in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19q13.31
    Exon count:
    8
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (44643910..44666162)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (47468632..47490944)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (45147210..45169430)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene CEA cell adhesion molecule 22, pseudogene Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3502 silencer Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3461 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:45081555-45082086 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:45092773-45093272 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:45097005-45097830 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:45099482-45100306 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:45118285-45118786 Neighboring gene immunoglobulin superfamily member 23 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 2639 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10734 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14764 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3503 silencer Neighboring gene microRNA 4531 Neighboring gene CEA cell adhesion molecule 19 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985306 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3873 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:45192479-45192980 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:45192981-45193480 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14765 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:45199988-45200593 Neighboring gene CEACAM16, CEACAM19 and PVR antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene CEA cell adhesion molecule 16, tectorial membrane component

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. CD155 downregulation synergizes with adriamycin to induce breast cancer cell apoptosis. Gao J, et al. Apoptosis, 2018 Oct. PMID 30039180, Free PMC Article
    2. Loss of CD155 expression predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Qu P, et al. Histopathology, 2015 Apr. PMID 25320021
    3. Nectin-like interactions between poliovirus and its receptor trigger conformational changes associated with cell entry. Strauss M, et al. J Virol, 2015 Apr. PMID 25631086, Free PMC Article
    4. Clinical significance of CD155 expression in human pancreatic cancer. Nishiwada S, et al. Anticancer Res, 2015 Apr. PMID 25862891
    5. Increased Soluble CD155 in the Serum of Cancer Patients. Iguchi-Manaka A, et al. PLoS One, 2016. PMID 27049654, Free PMC Article

    See all (190) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Exercise-induced beta2-adrenergic Receptor Activation Enhances the Antileukemic Activity of Expanded gammadelta T-Cells via DNAM-1 Upregulation and PVR/Nectin-2 Recognition.
      Title: Exercise-induced β2-adrenergic Receptor Activation Enhances the Antileukemic Activity of Expanded γδ T-Cells via DNAM-1 Upregulation and PVR/Nectin-2 Recognition.
    2. sCD155 as a potential marker for diagnosing the vascular invasion in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.
      Title: sCD155 as a potential marker for diagnosing the vascular invasion in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.
    3. Essential role of CD155 glycosylation in functional binding to DNAM-1 on natural killer cells.
      Title: Essential role of CD155 glycosylation in functional binding to DNAM-1 on natural killer cells.
    4. PITPNC1 Suppress CD8[+] T cell immune function and promote radioresistance in rectal cancer by modulating FASN/CD155.
      Title: PITPNC1 Suppress CD8(+) T cell immune function and promote radioresistance in rectal cancer by modulating FASN/CD155.
    5. ADAR-mediated RNA editing regulates PVR immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer.
      Title: ADAR-mediated RNA editing regulates PVR immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer.
    6. The immune checkpoint TIGIT/CD155 promotes the exhaustion of CD8 + T cells in TNBC through glucose metabolic reprogramming mediated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
      Title: The immune checkpoint TIGIT/CD155 promotes the exhaustion of CD8 + T cells in TNBC through glucose metabolic reprogramming mediated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
    7. Brain metastasis-associated fibroblasts secrete fucosylated PVR/CD155 that induces breast cancer invasion.
      Title: Brain metastasis-associated fibroblasts secrete fucosylated PVR/CD155 that induces breast cancer invasion.
    8. MicroRNA-326 negatively regulates CD155 expression in lung adenocarcinoma.
      Title: MicroRNA-326 negatively regulates CD155 expression in lung adenocarcinoma.
    9. CD155 Is a Potential Biomarker in Basal Cell Carcinoma.
      Title: CD155 Is a Potential Biomarker in Basal Cell Carcinoma.
    10. CD155 and its receptors in cancer immune escape and immunotherapy.
      Title: CD155 and its receptors in cancer immune escape and immunotherapy.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (118)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Overrepresentation of glutamate signaling in Alzheimer's disease: network-based pathway enrichment using meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Nef nef HIV-1 (SF2) Nef downregulates PVR; downregulation is dependent upon the SH3 binding domain in Nef in A3.01 T cells and HeLa TZM-bl cells PubMed
    nef HIV-1 downregulates PVR on cell surface in a Nef-dependent manner. HIV-1 Vpu contributes to the activity of Nef on surface PVR downregulation PubMed
    nef The Nef proteins from HIV-1 M NL4-3, SIVcpz EK505, and SIVgor CP2139 but not from SIVgsn 166, HIV-1 N CK1.62, and P RBF168, are capable of inducing cell surface downregulation of CD155 PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Vpu and Nef are both required to alter the subcellular localization of CD155 in perinuclear compartments and thus interfere with the efficient transport of CD155 to the cell surface PubMed
    nef NK-cell mediated lysis of HIV-1-infected cells via the interaction between DNAM1 and PVR is reduced by HIV-1 Nef PubMed
    Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr upregulates PVR expression during HIV-1 infection in CD4+ T-cells PubMed
    vpr HIV-1 Vpr-mediated upregulation of PVR (CD155) requires the interaction of Vpr with the DDB1-Cul4A E3 ligase and induction of ATR-mediated DNA damage repair and G2 arrest PubMed
    Vpu vpu The Vpu proteins from HIV-1 M NL4-3 and SIVgor CP2139 but not from SIVgsn 166, SIVcpz EK505, HIV-1 N CK1.62, and P RBF168, are capable of inducing cell surface downregulation of CD155 PubMed
    vpu HIV-1 Vpu and Nef are both required to alter the subcellular localization of CD155 in perinuclear compartments, and thus interfere with the efficient transport of CD155 to the cell surface PubMed
    vpu The transmembrane domain of HIV-1 Vpu, particularly A10, A14, and A18, is required for cell surface downregulation of CD155, while the CK-2 phosphorylation sites and the second alpha-helix in the cytoplasmic domain are dispensable PubMed
    vpu HIV-1 Vpu contributes to the activity of Nef on surface PVR downregulation PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ25946

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables cell adhesion molecule binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables receptor ligand activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables signaling receptor activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables virus receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in susceptibility to T cell mediated cytotoxicity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in symbiont entry into host cell IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in adherens junction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cell surface IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in extracellular space TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in focal adhesion HDA PubMed 
    located_in membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    poliovirus receptor
    Names
    nectin-like protein 5

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_008781.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5113..27365
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001135768.3 → NP_001129240.1  poliovirus receptor isoform beta precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129240.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (beta) lacks an internal segment including the putative transmembrane domain, compared to isoform alpha, resulting in its secretion into serum and cerebrospinal fluid.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC243964, AK300349
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46105.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DTS9, P15151, P15152, Q15267, Q15268, Q96BJ1
      Related
      ENSP00000385344.3, ENST00000403059.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd05718
      Location:43 → 142
      Ig1_PVR_like; First immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of poliovirus receptor (PVR, also known as CD155) and similar proteins
      cd07703
      Location:145 → 240
      Ig2_Nectin-2_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-2 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 or CD112) and similar proteins
      smart00410
      Location:34 → 141
      IG_like; Immunoglobulin like

    2. NM_001135769.3 → NP_001129241.1  poliovirus receptor isoform gamma precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129241.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (gamma) lacks an internal segment including the putative transmembrane domain, compared to isoform alpha, resulting in its secretion into serum and cerebrospinal fluid.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC243964, AK300349
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46106.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DTS9, P15151, P15152, Q15267, Q15268, Q96BJ1
      Related
      ENSP00000340870.3, ENST00000344956.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd05718
      Location:43 → 142
      Ig1_PVR_like; First immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of poliovirus receptor (PVR, also known as CD155) and similar proteins
      cd07703
      Location:145 → 240
      Ig2_Nectin-2_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-2 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 or CD112) and similar proteins
      smart00410
      Location:34 → 141
      IG_like; Immunoglobulin like

    3. NM_001135770.4 → NP_001129242.2  poliovirus receptor isoform delta precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) has an alternate 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (delta), also known as H20B, has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform alpha.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC243964, DC400059, M24406
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46107.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DTS9, P15151, P15152, Q15267, Q15268, Q96BJ1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0A0MSA9, A8K4I1
      Related
      ENSP00000383907.3, ENST00000406449.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd05718
      Location:43 → 142
      Ig1_PVR_like; First immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of poliovirus receptor (PVR, also known as CD155) and similar proteins
      cd07703
      Location:145 → 240
      Ig2_Nectin-2_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-2 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 or CD112) and similar proteins
      smart00410
      Location:34 → 141
      IG_like; Immunoglobulin like

    4. NM_006505.5 → NP_006496.4  poliovirus receptor isoform alpha precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006496.4

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (alpha), also known as H20A.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC243964, AK290946, AK300349
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12640.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DTS9, P15151, P15152, Q15267, Q15268, Q96BJ1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0C4DG49, A8K4I1
      Related
      ENSP00000402060.2, ENST00000425690.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd05718
      Location:43 → 142
      Ig1_PVR_like; First immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of poliovirus receptor (PVR, also known as CD155) and similar proteins
      cd07703
      Location:145 → 240
      Ig2_Nectin-2_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-2 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 or CD112) and similar proteins

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      44643910..44666162
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      47468632..47490944
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P15151.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P15151

    Gene LinkOut

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