lin-45 Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase;non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase [Caenorhabditis elegans] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: lin-45
Official Full Name: Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase;non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
Primary source: WormBase:WBGene00003030
Locus tag: CELE_Y73B6A.5
See related: AllianceGenome:WB:WBGene00003030
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans (strain: Bristol N2)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida; Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae; Caenorhabditis
Summary: Enables small GTPase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; intracellular signaling cassette; and vulval development. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. Is expressed in head neurons and vulval precursor cell. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including Noonan syndrome (multiple); Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (multiple); carcinoma (multiple); cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (multiple); and central nervous system benign neoplasm (multiple). Orthologous to several human genes including BRAF (B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
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Genomic context

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See lin-45 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: IV

Exon count:: 14

Sequence:: Chromosome: IV; NC_003282.8 (6742537..6748572, complement)

Chromosome IV - NC_003282.8 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003282.8

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase UFD-2 suppresses normal and oncogenic signaling mediated by a Raf ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Title: The E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase UFD-2 suppresses normal and oncogenic signaling mediated by a Raf ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Impairment of the neurotrophic signaling hub B-Raf contributes to motoneuron degeneration in spinal muscular atrophy.
Title: Impairment of the neurotrophic signaling hub B-Raf contributes to motoneuron degeneration in spinal muscular atrophy.
Negative feedback by conserved kinases patterns the degradation of Caenorhabditis elegans Raf in vulval fate patterning.
Title: Negative feedback by conserved kinases patterns the degradation of Caenorhabditiselegans Raf in vulval fate patterning.
Expression of activated LIN-45/Raf in head acetylcholine neurons is sufficient to cause an exaggerated waveform phenotype and hypersensitivity to the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor aldicarb.
Title: Modulation of Gq-Rho Signaling by the ERK MAPK Pathway Controls Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Genetic analysis indicates that lin-45 and protein kinase C (PKC)-1 act together to regulate nose touch response; these results functionally link two conserved signaling pathways in adult C. elegans neurons and define distinct roles for PKC genes in vivo.
Title: PKC-1 acts with the ERK MAPK signaling pathway to regulate Caenorhabditis elegans mechanosensory response.
Connector/eNhancer of KSR promotes LIN-45 Raf activation at a step between the dephosphorylation of inhibitory sites in the regulatory domain and activating phosphorylation in the kinase domain
Title: Caenorhabditis elegans CNK-1 promotes Raf activation but is not essential for Ras/Raf signaling.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by WormBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables MAP kinase kinase kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables small GTPase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in MAPK cascade	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in MAPK cascade	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in Ras protein signal transduction	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in meiotic cell cycle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in nematode larval development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in nematode larval development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in oogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in reproductive process	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in reproductive process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in vulval development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in vulval development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase;non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase

NP_001293841.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293842.1

Partially confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293843.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001368430.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001379593.1

Partially confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_741430.3

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003282.8 Reference assembly

Range

6742537..6748572 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_171367.8 → NP_741430.3 Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_741430.3

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q07292, Q6RT23, Q8MXT8, Q9N4E3

Conserved Domains (4) summary

smart00455
Location:86 → 161

RBD; Raf-like Ras-binding domain

cd14062
Location:487 → 744

STKc_Raf; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinases, Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinases

pfam00069
Location:486 → 741

Pkinase; Protein kinase domain

pfam00130
Location:171 → 219

C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)
NM_001306912.2 → NP_001293841.1 non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293841.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CJK3

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00455
Location:71 → 146

RBD; Raf-like Ras-binding domain

cd14062
Location:472 → 729

STKc_Raf; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinases, Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinases

cd20811
Location:154 → 203

C1_Raf; protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinase family
NM_001392321.1 → NP_001379593.1 Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase [Caenorhabditis elegans]

Status: REVIEWED

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00455
Location:128 → 203

RBD; Raf-like Ras-binding domain

cd14062
Location:529 → 786

STKc_Raf; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinases, Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinases

cd20811
Location:211 → 260

C1_Raf; protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinase family
NM_001306913.4 → NP_001293842.1 non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293842.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CKR7

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00455
Location:111 → 186

RBD; Raf-like Ras-binding domain

cd14062
Location:512 → 769

STKc_Raf; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinases, Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinases

cd20811
Location:194 → 243

C1_Raf; protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinase family
NM_001306914.3 → NP_001293843.1 non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293843.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CM38

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00455
Location:54 → 129

RBD; Raf-like Ras-binding domain

cd14062
Location:455 → 712

STKc_Raf; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinases, Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinases

cd20811
Location:137 → 186

C1_Raf; protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinase family
NM_001380288.1 → NP_001368430.1 non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase [Caenorhabditis elegans]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CM34

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00455
Location:42 → 117

RBD; Raf-like Ras-binding domain

cd14062
Location:443 → 700

STKc_Raf; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinases, Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinases

cd20811
Location:125 → 174

C1_Raf; protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinase family