U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Links from GEO Profiles

    • Showing Current items.

    inc insomniac [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 31110, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Official Symbol
    incprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    insomniacprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0025394
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG32810
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0025394
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    CG14783; CG14784; CG32810; Dmel\CG32810; EG:196F3.2; INC; ins
    Summary
    Enables myosin binding activity and protein homodimerization activity. Involved in regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep and sleep. Acts upstream of with a positive effect on retrograde trans-synaptic signaling. Is active in postsynaptic cytosol. Is expressed in several structures, including adult brain; adult head; adult mushroom body; adult pars intercerebralis; and fan-shaped body. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in myoclonic dystonia 26. Orthologous to several human genes including KCTD2 (potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 2) and KCTD5 (potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 5). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Orthologs
    all
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    Go to the top of the page Help
    See inc in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2B1-2B1; 1-0.2 cM
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) X NC_004354.4 (1483479..1517615)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) X NC_004354.3 (1377512..1411648)

    Chromosome X - NC_004354.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene meiotic 38 Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene NMDA receptor 2 Neighboring gene rush hour Neighboring gene stubarista Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene Mucin related 2B Neighboring gene small non-coding RNA 400 Neighboring gene broad

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

    Go to the top of the pageHelp

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Sleep deprivation drives brain-wide changes in cholinergic presynapse abundance in Drosophila melanogaster. Weiss JT, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2024 Mar 26. PMID 38498719, Free PMC Article
    2. Evaluation of Ligand-Inducible Expression Systems for Conditional Neuronal Manipulations of Sleep in Drosophila. Li Q, et al. G3 (Bethesda), 2016 Oct 13. PMID 27558667, Free PMC Article
    3. Goodness of fit to a mathematical model for Drosophila sleep behavior is reduced in hyposomnolent mutants. Diamond JM. PeerJ, 2016. PMID 27004144, Free PMC Article
    4. Chronic sleep loss disrupts rhythmic gene expression in Drosophila. Wang Z, et al. Front Physiol, 2022. PMID 36467698, Free PMC Article
    5. Sleep Modulates Alcohol Toxicity in Drosophila. De Nobrega AK, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2022 Oct 11. PMID 36292943, Free PMC Article

    See all (72) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. insomniac links the development and function of a sleep-regulatory circuit.
      Title: insomniac links the development and function of a sleep-regulatory circuit.
    2. Study identified insomniac (inc), a putative adaptor for the Cullin-3 (Cul3) ubiquitin ligase complex, which together with Cul3 is essential for normal sleep regulation. Interestingly, Inc and Cul3 rapidly accumulate at postsynaptic compartments following acute receptor inhibition and are required for a local increase in mono-ubiquitination.
      Title: Cul3 and insomniac are required for rapid ubiquitination of postsynaptic targets and retrograde homeostatic signaling.
    3. inc mutants exhibit defects in synaptic structure and physiology, indicating that Inc is essential for both sleep and synaptic function. Inc and its mouse orthologs exhibit striking biochemical and functional interchangeability within Cul3 complexes.
      Title: Conserved properties of Drosophila Insomniac link sleep regulation and synaptic function.
    4. Data show that insomniac protein (INC) recognize its potential partners Cul3 and dGRASP.
      Title: Proteins involved in sleep homeostasis: Biophysical characterization of INC and its partners.
    5. these results establish inc and Cul3 as important new players in setting the sleep homeostat and a dopaminergic arousal pathway in Drosophila.
      Title: Cul3 and the BTB adaptor insomniac are key regulators of sleep homeostasis and a dopamine arousal pathway in Drosophila.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Homology

    mobile_element

    • Loc: 1514190-1514452 mobile_element_type = transposon:1360{}17

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables cullin family protein binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables myosin binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein homodimerization activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein homooligomerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_positive_effect retrograde trans-synaptic signaling IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in postsynaptic cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Preferred Names
    insomniac
    Names
    CG32810-PB
    CG32810-PC
    CG32810-PD
    inc-PB
    inc-PC
    inc-PD

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    Go to the top of the page Help

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

      Range
      1483479..1517615
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001297857.1 → NP_001284786.1  insomniac, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001284786.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9W579
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00225
      Location:23 → 122
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam02214
      Location:24 → 112
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain

    2. NM_130570.3 → NP_569926.2  insomniac, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_569926.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9W579
      Related
      FBpp0070250
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00225
      Location:23 → 122
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam02214
      Location:24 → 112
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain

    3. NM_001297858.1 → NP_001284787.1  insomniac, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001284787.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9W579
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00225
      Location:23 → 122
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam02214
      Location:24 → 112
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O76889 O76889
    Q8SZH4 Q8SZH4
    Q8T9K2 Q8T9K2
    Q9W579 Q9W579

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Other Literature Sources
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools