ACO2 aconitase 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: ACO2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: aconitase 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:118
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000100412 MIM:100850; AllianceGenome:HGNC:118
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ICRD; OCA8; OPA9; ACONM; HEL-S-284
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family. It is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate in the second step of the TCA cycle. This protein is encoded in the nucleus and functions in the mitochondrion. It was found to be one of the mitochondrial matrix proteins that are preferentially degraded by the serine protease 15(PRSS15), also known as Lon protease, after oxidative modification. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Broad expression in heart (RPKM 162.7), kidney (RPKM 93.6) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 22q13.2

Exon count:: 18

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	22	NC_000022.11 (41469117..41528974)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	22	NC_060946.1 (41947611..42007811)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	22	NC_000022.10 (41865121..41924978)

Chromosome 22 - NC_000022.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Mitochondrial Aconitase and Its Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Title: Mitochondrial Aconitase and Its Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases.
AFG3L2 and ACO2-Linked Dominant Optic Atrophy: Genotype-Phenotype Characterization Compared to OPA1 Patients.
Title: AFG3L2 and ACO2-Linked Dominant Optic Atrophy: Genotype-Phenotype Characterization Compared to OPA1 Patients.
ACO2 deficiency increases vulnerability to Parkinson's disease via dysregulating mitochondrial function and histone acetylation-mediated transcription of autophagy genes.
Title: ACO2 deficiency increases vulnerability to Parkinson's disease via dysregulating mitochondrial function and histone acetylation-mediated transcription of autophagy genes.
Loss of mitochondrial aconitase promotes colorectal cancer progression via SCD1-mediated lipid remodeling.
Title: Loss of mitochondrial aconitase promotes colorectal cancer progression via SCD1-mediated lipid remodeling.
Recessive ACO2 variants as a cause of isolated ophthalmologic phenotypes.
Title: Recessive ACO2 variants as a cause of isolated ophthalmologic phenotypes.
Expanding the clinical and phenotypic heterogeneity associated with biallelic variants in ACO2.
Title: Expanding the clinical and phenotypic heterogeneity associated with biallelic variants in ACO2.
Haploinsufficiency due to a novel ACO2 deletion causes mitochondrial dysfunction in fibroblasts from a patient with dominant optic nerve atrophy.
Title: Haploinsufficiency due to a novel ACO2 deletion causes mitochondrial dysfunction in fibroblasts from a patient with dominant optic nerve atrophy.
ACO2 and ANPEP as novel prognostic markers for gallbladder squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas and adenocarcinomas.
Title: ACO2 and ANPEP as novel prognostic markers for gallbladder squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas and adenocarcinomas.
This work identifies ACO2 as a relevant gene in cancer metabolic rewiring of MCF-7 cells, promoting a different utilisation of pyruvate and revealing the potential metabolic vulnerability of ACO2-associated malignancies.
Title: Aconitase 2 inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 cells promoting mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and ROS/FoxO1-mediated autophagic response.
Study showed that the expression of ACO2 was significantly increased in prostate cancer (PC) tissues and identified a positive correlation between ACO2 expression and the malignancy of prostate cancer. ACO2 protein expression and activity was higher in paclitaxel-resistant PC3 cells than in PTX-sensitive DU145 cells. These results indicate that ACO2 plays an important role in the development and drug resistance of PC.
Title: Zinc cooperates with p53 to inhibit the activity of mitochondrial aconitase through reactive oxygen species accumulation.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Infantile cerebellar-retinal degeneration MedGen: C3281192 OMIM: 614559 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs
Optic atrophy 9 MedGen: C4225384 OMIM: 616289 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH11380 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:83991

D22S1253 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:2853

RH48483 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:73004

RH47879 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:82996

D22S678 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:54164

GDB:451682 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:157344

A007B26 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:9892

RH11189 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:92335

MARC_5597-5598:1044046898:1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:269542

D22S998E (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:28909

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables 3 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables aconitate hydratase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables iron ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within citrate metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in generation of precursor metabolites and energy	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in isocitrate metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in liver development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to isolation stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in tricarboxylic acid cycle	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within tricarboxylic acid cycle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in tricarboxylic acid cycle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in mitochondrial matrix	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in mitochondrion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	HTP more info	PubMed
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial

Names: aconitase 2, mitochondrial; citrate hydro-lyase; epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 284; mitochondrial aconitase

NP_001089.1

EC 4.2.1.3

XP_054181635.1

EC 4.2.1.3

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_032143.1 RefSeqGene

Range

4993..64850

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001098.3 → NP_001089.1 aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001089.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AL008582, BC014092, BC026196

Consensus CDS

CCDS14017.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O75809, Q5JZ41, Q6FHX0, Q8TAQ6, Q99798

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B2RBW5

Related

ENSP00000216254.4, ENST00000216254.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl28376
Location:45 → 775

AcnA; Aconitase A [Energy production and conversion]

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000022.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

41469117..41528974

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

NC_060946.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Range

41947611..42007811

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_054325660.1 → XP_054181635.1 aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O75809, Q5JZ41, Q6FHX0, Q8TAQ6, Q99798

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B2RBW5