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    hipA serine/threonine-protein kinase toxin HipA [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

    Gene ID: 946064, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    hipA
    Official Full Name
    serine/threonine-protein kinase toxin HipA
    Primary source
    ECOCYC:EG10443
    Locus tag
    b1507
    See related
    ASAP:ABE-0005022
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
    Lineage
    Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
    Also known as
    ECK1500
    Summary
    HipA serine protein kinase autophosphorylates Ser150 and this activity is essential for persister formation (Correia, 2006). [More information is available at EcoGene: EG10443]. HipA is a serine kinase that forms the toxin part of the HipAB toxin-antitoxin system. [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG10443].
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    Genomic context

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    Sequence:
    NC_000913.3 (1590854..1592176, complement)

    NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene fimbrial usher domain-containing protein YdeT Neighboring gene pseudo Neighboring gene antitoxin/DNA-binding transcriptional repressor HipB Neighboring gene pseudo

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_000913.3

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. The kinases HipA and HipA7 phosphorylate different substrate pools in Escherichia coli to promote multidrug tolerance. Semanjski M, et al. Sci Signal, 2018 Sep 11. PMID 30206139
    2. Molecular cloning and expression of hipA, a gene of Escherichia coli K-12 that affects frequency of persistence after inhibition of murein synthesis. Moyed HS, et al. J Bacteriol, 1986 May. PMID 3516974, Free PMC Article
    3. Conditional impairment of cell division and altered lethality in hipA mutants of Escherichia coli K-12. Scherrer R, et al. J Bacteriol, 1988 Aug. PMID 3042747, Free PMC Article
    4. Kinase activity of overexpressed HipA is required for growth arrest and multidrug tolerance in Escherichia coli. Correia FF, et al. J Bacteriol, 2006 Dec. PMID 17041039, Free PMC Article
    5. Persister cells, dormancy and infectious disease. Lewis K. Nat Rev Microbiol, 2007 Jan. PMID 17143318

    See all (35) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Data show that serine-threonine protein kinase HipA (HipA) promotes multidrug tolerance by phosphorylating the glutamate-tRNA ligase (GltX).
      Title: The kinases HipA and HipA7 phosphorylate different substrate pools in Escherichia coli to promote multidrug tolerance.
    2. These data indicate that HipA enhances the HipB's repressor activity through direct interaction with HipB.
      Title: Transcriptional repressor HipB regulates the multiple promoters in Escherichia coli.
    3. Data show that HipA phosphorylates Ser(239) near the active center of GltX and inhibits aminoacylation.
      Title: Molecular mechanism of bacterial persistence by HipA.
    4. These results suggest that hipA plays a significant role during biofilm development and that extracellular DNA is an important structural component of Escherichia coli biofilms.
      Title: Escherichia coli toxin gene hipA affects biofilm formation and DNA release.
    5. Authors show that overexpression of the protein kinase HipA in Escherichia coli triggers growth arrest by activating synthesis of the alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) by the enzyme RelA, a signal typically associated with amino acid starvation.
      Title: HipA-triggered growth arrest and β-lactam tolerance in Escherichia coli are mediated by RelA-dependent ppGpp synthesis.
    6. HipBA toxin-antitoxin (TA) system affects frequency of survival during the long-term stationary phase
      Title: Long-term survival of Escherichia coli lacking the HipBA toxin-antitoxin system during prolonged cultivation.
    7. HipA-HipB-DNA structure reveals the HipB-operator binding mechanism; dimeric HipB interacts with 2 HipA molecules to inhibit its kinase activity; these studies suggest mechanisms for HipA-mediated persistence and its neutralization by HipB
      Title: Molecular mechanisms of HipA-mediated multidrug tolerance and its neutralization by HipB.
    8. results suggest that the protein kinase activity of HipA is essential for persister formation.
      Title: Kinase activity of overexpressed HipA is required for growth arrest and multidrug tolerance in Escherichia coli.
    9. first validated persister-MDT(multidrug tolerance)gene
      Title: Specialized persister cells and the mechanism of multidrug tolerance in Escherichia coli.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables AMP-activated protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-dependent protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AS1 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AS121 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AT120 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AXS139 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2BS14 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2BS36 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S10 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S28 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S57 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T11 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T3 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T45 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T6 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H4S1 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables magnesium ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables sequence-specific DNA binding EXP
    Inferred from Experiment
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within dormancy process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of growth IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to antibiotic IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within single-species biofilm formation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytosol IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of protein-DNA complex EXP
    Inferred from Experiment
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of protein-DNA complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of toxin-antitoxin complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    serine/threonine-protein kinase toxin HipA

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

      Range
      1590854..1592176 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NP_416024.1 serine/threonine-protein kinase toxin HipA [Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_416024.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8S7JZB1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd17808
      Location:20 → 435
      HipA_Ec_like; type II toxin-antitoxin sytem toxin HipA from Escherichia coli and similar proteins
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version

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