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    Hmr Hybrid male rescue [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 31988, updated on 17-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Hmrprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    Hybrid male rescueprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0001206
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG1619
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0001206
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    BcDNA:LD22117; CG1619; Dmel\CG1619; hmr; HMR; Hmr-mel; Hmr[[mel]]
    Summary
    Enables chromatin binding activity. Involved in mitotic sister chromatid segregation; retrotransposon silencing by heterochromatin formation; and telomere maintenance. Located in chromosome, telomeric repeat region; nucleolus; and pericentric heterochromatin. Is expressed in organism. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Orthologs
    all
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    Genomic context

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    See Hmr in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    9D3-9D3; 1-32 cM
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) X NC_004354.4 (10590920..10595855, complement)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) X NC_004354.3 (10484953..10489888, complement)

    Chromosome X - NC_004354.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene sprint Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene Rab at 9D Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. A new hybrid incompatibility locus between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila sechellia. Bladen J, et al. Genetics, 2024 Mar 6. PMID 38184848,
    2. Limited gene misregulation is exacerbated by allele-specific upregulation in lethal hybrids between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans. Wei KH, et al. Mol Biol Evol, 2014 Jul. PMID 24723419, Free PMC Article
    3. A new hybrid rescue allele in Drosophila melanogaster. Barbash DA, et al. Genetica, 2004 Mar. PMID 15088664
    4. A genetic basis for the inviability of hybrids between sibling species of Drosophila. Hutter P, et al. Genetics, 1990 Apr. PMID 2108905, Free PMC Article
    5. Developmental and cell cycle progression defects in Drosophila hybrid males. Bolkan BJ, et al. Genetics, 2007 Dec. PMID 17947412, Free PMC Article

    See all (88) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. The Integrity of the HMR complex is necessary for centromeric binding and reproductive isolation in Drosophila.
      Title: The Integrity of the HMR complex is necessary for centromeric binding and reproductive isolation in Drosophila.
    2. NLP and HMR largely co-localize in domains that are immediately adjacent to, yet distinct from centromere domains defined by the centromeric histone dCENP-A.
      Title: Oligomerization of Drosophila Nucleoplasmin-Like Protein is required for its centromere localization.
    3. We conclude that there is no evidence for a centromeric function of Hmr and Lhr within D. melanogaster nor for a centromere defect causing hybrid lethality. Instead, we find that Hmr and Lhr are required in D. melanogaster for detachment of sister chromatids during anaphase.
      Title: The Hybrid Incompatibility Genes Lhr and Hmr Are Required for Sister Chromatid Detachment During Anaphase but Not for Centromere Function.
    4. Results find that Hmr does not maintain pure-species function in hybrids.
      Title: Limited gene misregulation is exacerbated by allele-specific upregulation in lethal hybrids between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans.
    5. Using RNA-Seq analyses we discovered that Hmr and Lhr are required to repress transcripts from satellite DNAs and many families of transposable elements (TEs).
      Title: The Hmr and Lhr hybrid incompatibility genes suppress a broad range of heterochromatic repeats.
    6. In(1)AB is mutant for Hmr function, likely due to a missense mutation in an evolutionarily conserved amino acid.
      Title: Reduced fertility of Drosophila melanogaster hybrid male rescue (Hmr) mutant females is partially complemented by Hmr orthologs from sibling species.
    7. the frequency of mitotic figures in hybrid male larvae mutant for Hybrid male rescue (Hmr) is increased relative to lethal hybrid males, although not to wild-type levels, and that chromosome morphology in Hmr(-) hybrid males is also not completely normal
      Title: Developmental and cell cycle progression defects in Drosophila hybrid males.
    8. findings show Lethal hybrid rescue has functionally diverged in D. simulans & interacts with Hybrid male rescue, which has functionally diverged in D. melanogaster, to cause lethality in F1 hybrid males
      Title: Two Dobzhansky-Muller genes interact to cause hybrid lethality in Drosophila.
    9. Hmr has functionally diverged to cause F1 hybrid incompatibility between Drosophila melanogaster, D. simulans and D. mauritiana.
      Title: Functional divergence caused by ancient positive selection of a Drosophila hybrid incompatibility locus.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables chromatin binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in mitotic sister chromatid segregation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in telomere maintenance IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in transposable element silencing by heterochromatin formation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chromosome, centromeric region IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in chromosome, telomeric region IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in chromosome, telomeric repeat region IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleolus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in pericentric heterochromatin IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of transcription regulator complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    hybrid male rescue
    Names
    CG1619-PB
    Hmr-PB

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

      Range
      10590920..10595855 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_132409.3 → NP_572637.2  hybrid male rescue [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_572637.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q86CV8, Q86CV9, Q86CW1, Q86CW5
      Related
      FBpp0071440
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam10545
      Location:59 → 149
      MADF_DNA_bdg; Alcohol dehydrogenase transcription factor Myb/SANT-like
      cl23759
      Location:213 → 295
      GT1; GT1, myb-like, SANT family
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q7YU57 Q7YU57
    Q86CW5 Q86CW5
    Q9XZ33 Q9XZ33

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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