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    Hagh hydroxyacyl glutathione hydrolase [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 14651, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Haghprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    hydroxyacyl glutathione hydrolaseprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:95745
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000024158 AllianceGenome:MGI:95745
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Glo2; Glo-2; Rsp29
    Summary
    Enables hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase activity. Predicted to be involved in glutathione biosynthetic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within methylglyoxal catabolic process to D-lactate via S-lactoyl-glutathione. Located in mitochondrion. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; brain; genitourinary system; respiratory system; and sensory organ. Orthologous to human HAGH (hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in liver adult (RPKM 156.6), kidney adult (RPKM 107.1) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Hagh in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    17 A3.3; 17 12.53 cM
    Exon count:
    12
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 17 NC_000083.7 (25056863..25083424)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 17 NC_000083.6 (24839781..24864450)

    Chromosome 17 - NC_000083.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E265 Neighboring gene methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 Neighboring gene heparan sulfate (glucosamine) 3-O-sulfotransferase 6 Neighboring gene meiosis specific with OB domains Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E486 Neighboring gene fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase domain containing 1 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_42099 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_42100 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 41549 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E216 Neighboring gene insulin-like growth factor binding protein, acid labile subunit Neighboring gene nucleotide binding protein 2 Neighboring gene splA/ryanodine receptor domain and SOCS box containing 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Hyperosmotic Stress Initiates AMPK-Independent Autophagy and AMPK- and Autophagy-Independent Depletion of Thioredoxin 1 and Glyoxalase 2 in HT22 Nerve Cells. Dafre AL, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2019. PMID 31049129, Free PMC Article
    2. Tat-glyoxalase protein inhibits against ischemic neuronal cell damage and ameliorates ischemic injury. Shin MJ, et al. Free Radic Biol Med, 2014 Feb. PMID 24252591
    3. Genomic rearrangement of the alpha-globin gene complex during mammalian evolution. Tan H, et al. Biochem Genet, 1993 Dec. PMID 8166621
    4. Role of the glyoxalase system in astrocyte-mediated neuroprotection. Bélanger M, et al. J Neurosci, 2011 Dec 14. PMID 22171037, Free PMC Article
    5. A quantitative genetic analysis of slow-wave sleep and rapid-eye movement sleep in CXB recombinant inbred mice. Toth LA, et al. Behav Genet, 1999 Sep. PMID 10765561

    See all (28) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Hyperosmotic stress induced AMPK activation, but this was not responsible for its effects on mTOR activity or autophagy induction. Moreover, the decrease in Trx1 and Glo2 induced by hyperosmotic stress was independent of both autophagy and AMPK activation.
      Title: Hyperosmotic Stress Initiates AMPK-Independent Autophagy and AMPK- and Autophagy-Independent Depletion of Thioredoxin 1 and Glyoxalase 2 in HT22 Nerve Cells.
    2. Glyoxalase expression prevents against ischemic neuronal cell damage and ameliorates ischemic injury.
      Title: Tat-glyoxalase protein inhibits against ischemic neuronal cell damage and ameliorates ischemic injury.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within glutathione biosynthetic process IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in glutathione biosynthetic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glutathione metabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glutathione metabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within methylglyoxal catabolic process to D-lactate via S-lactoyl-glutathione IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrial matrix IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrial matrix ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrion HDA PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial
    Names
    glx II
    glyoxalase II
    glyoxylase 2
    round spermatid protein RSP29
    NP_001153098.1
    NP_001396515.1
    NP_001396516.1
    NP_001396517.1
    NP_001396518.1
    NP_001396519.1
    NP_001396520.1
    NP_001396521.1
    NP_001396522.1
    NP_001396523.1
    NP_001396525.1
    NP_001396526.1
    NP_001396527.1
    NP_001396528.1
    NP_001396529.1
    NP_001396530.1
    NP_001396531.1
    NP_001396532.1
    NP_001396533.1
    NP_001396534.1
    NP_001396535.1
    NP_001396536.1
    NP_077246.2
    XP_006523724.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001159626.2 → NP_001153098.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and CDS, and uses a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. Isoform 2 has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1 and is a cytosolic protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS50021.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J052
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000024974.10, ENSMUST00000024974.16
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      PLN02469
      Location:1 → 256
      PLN02469; hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase

    2. NM_001409586.1 → NP_001396515.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    3. NM_001409587.1 → NP_001396516.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 4

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    4. NM_001409588.1 → NP_001396517.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 5

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    5. NM_001409589.1 → NP_001396518.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 6

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    6. NM_001409590.1 → NP_001396519.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 14

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    7. NM_001409591.1 → NP_001396520.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 15

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    8. NM_001409592.1 → NP_001396521.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 7

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    9. NM_001409593.1 → NP_001396522.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 8

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    10. NM_001409594.1 → NP_001396523.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 13

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    11. NM_001409596.1 → NP_001396525.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 9

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    12. NM_001409597.1 → NP_001396526.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 16

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    13. NM_001409598.1 → NP_001396527.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 16

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    14. NM_001409599.1 → NP_001396528.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J052

    15. NM_001409600.1 → NP_001396529.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J052

    16. NM_001409601.1 → NP_001396530.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J052

    17. NM_001409602.1 → NP_001396531.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J052

    18. NM_001409603.1 → NP_001396532.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J052

    19. NM_001409604.1 → NP_001396533.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J052

    20. NM_001409605.1 → NP_001396534.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 10

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8

    21. NM_001409606.1 → NP_001396535.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 11

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      E9PYA3

    22. NM_001409607.1 → NP_001396536.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 12

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      E9PYA3

    23. NM_024284.3 → NP_077246.2  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform 1 precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1) which is localized to the mitochondria.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS28499.2
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      G5E8T9
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000113051.2, ENSMUST00000118788.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      PLN02469
      Location:50 → 305
      PLN02469; hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase
      pfam16123
      Location:223 → 303
      HAGH_C; Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase C-terminus
      cd07723
      Location:55 → 222
      hydroxyacylglutathione_hydrolase_MBL-fold; hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, MBL-fold metallo-hydrolase domain

    RNA

    1. NR_176872.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    2. NR_176873.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    3. NR_176874.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    4. NR_176875.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    5. NR_176876.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    6. NR_176877.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166102

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000083.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      25056863..25083424
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006523661.3 → XP_006523724.1  hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q3TMR4, Q3UCF6, Q8WUR9, Q99KB8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J052
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      PLN02469
      Location:1 → 256
      PLN02469; hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q99KB8.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q99KB8

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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