Hmga1 high mobility group AT-hook 1 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Symbol: Hmga1provided by RGD
Full Name: high mobility group AT-hook 1provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:628699
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000000488 AllianceGenome:RGD:628699
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Hmgi; Hmgiy
Summary: Predicted to enable several functions, including DNA binding activity; DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; and catalytic activity, acting on DNA. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including base-excision repair; oncogene-induced cell senescence; and regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including hemopoiesis; insulin receptor signaling pathway; and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in male germ cell nucleus and senescence-associated heterochromatin focus. Predicted to be part of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex and SUMO ligase complex. Predicted to be active in mitochondrion and nucleus. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human HMGA1 (high mobility group AT-hook 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Thymus (RPKM 289.6), Spleen (RPKM 126.4) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 20p12

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	20	NC_086038.1 (5612902..5620596)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	20	NC_051355.1 (5611088..5618755)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	20	NC_005119.4 (7132501..7140155)

Chromosome 20 - NC_086038.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

High Mobility Group A1 Regulates Transcription Levels of Oligodendrocyte Marker Genes in Cultured Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells.
Title: High Mobility Group A1 Regulates Transcription Levels of Oligodendrocyte Marker Genes in Cultured Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells.
miR-196a expression in brain was significantly increased in rat cerebral ischemic injury model (middle cerebral artery occlusion) and in cultured neonatal rat cortical neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). HMGA1 was identified as the target gene of miR-196a. miR-196a overexpression promoted OGD-induced cortical neurons apoptosis possibly through negative regulation of HMGA1.
Title: Downregulation of microRNA-196a attenuates ischemic brain injury in rats by directly targeting HMGA1.
microRNA-26a-5p affects myocardial injury induced by coronary microembolization by modulating HMGA1.
Title: microRNA-26a-5p affects myocardial injury induced by coronary microembolization by modulating HMGA1.
the findings of this study suggest that induction of Hmga1 may be important for theca and granulosa cell differentiation into luteal cells.
Title: Expression and regulation of high mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) during ovulation and luteinisation in rat ovary.
High glucose increased HMGA1 expression and promoted proliferation of VSMCs, which could be blunted by Wortmannin and LY294002, inhibitors of PI3K/Akt pathway, and specificity protein 1 (SP1) siRNA. Moreover, knockdown of HMGA1 could weaken the upregulation of cyclin D1 accompanied by high-glucose-induced HMGA1 in VSMCs.
Title: HMGA1 Mediated High-Glucose-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in Diabetes Mellitus: Association Between PI3K/Akt Signaling and HMGA1 Expression.
Report epigenetic modification of miRNA targets HMGA transcripts on pituitary cells.
Title: Epidrug mediated re-expression of miRNA targeting the HMGA transcripts in pituitary cells.
Study identifies HMGIY as a new transcription factor involved in cerebral ischemia
Title: The high-mobility group I-Y transcription factor is involved in cerebral ischemia and modulates the expression of angiogenic proteins.
Thyroid cell transformation requires the expression of the HMGA1 proteins
Title: Thyroid cell transformation requires the expression of the HMGA1 proteins.
HMG-I/Y is a direct transcriptional target of c-Jun necessary for c-Jun-induced anchorage-independent growth in Rat1a cells
Title: HMG-I/Y is a c-Jun/activator protein-1 target gene and is necessary for c-Jun-induced anchorage-independent growth in Rat1a cells.
during apoptosis of different types of tumor cells there is a monomethylation of the nuclear protein HMGA1a
Title: During apoptosis of tumor cells HMGA1a protein undergoes methylation: identification of the modification site by mass spectrometry.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables D-loop DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables DNA binding, bending	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables RNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables chromatin binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables enzyme binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables molecular adaptor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables molecular function activator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nuclear receptor coactivator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nuclear receptor coactivator activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables nuclear retinoic acid receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nuclear retinoic acid receptor binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables nuclear retinoid X receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nuclear retinoid X receptor binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables peroxisome proliferator activated receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables peroxisome proliferator activated receptor binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables transcription coactivator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables transcription coregulator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription coregulator binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables transcription coregulator binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within B cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within T cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within autophagy	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in base-excision repair	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within chromatin organization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within erythrocyte differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within glucose homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within heart development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within inflammatory cell apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within inflammatory response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within insulin receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within insulin secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lung morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism growth	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within neurogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in oncogene-induced cell senescence	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in oncogene-induced cell senescence	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within respiratory system process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to cAMP	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to glucagon	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to glucose	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to insulin	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to wounding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within spermatogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within thyroid gland development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of SUMO ligase complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in chromatin	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in male germ cell nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in senescence-associated heterochromatin focus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in senescence-associated heterochromatin focus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: high mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y

Names: HMG-I(Y); high mobility group AT-hook protein 1; high mobility group protein A1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001412159.1 → NP_001399088.1 high mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000020

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q8K1F5, Q8K585

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JJM1
NM_139327.2 → NP_647543.2 high mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000020

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q8K1F5, Q8K585

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6JJM1