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    Mxi1 MAX interactor 1, dimerization protein [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 17859, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Mxi1provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    MAX interactor 1, dimerization proteinprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:97245
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000025025 AllianceGenome:MGI:97245
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Mad2; Gm10197; bHLHc11
    Summary
    This gene encodes a protein containing a helix-loop-helix domain characteristic of transcription factors, which allows heterodimerization and sequence-specific DNA binding. The encoded protein is related to a family of Myc/Max/Mad proteins that are involved in the regulation of several cellular processes. The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional repressor thought to negatively regulate Myc function. Three alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in small intestine adult (RPKM 8.9), testis adult (RPKM 8.5) and 28 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Mxi1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19 D2; 19 47.53 cM
    Exon count:
    11
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 19 NC_000085.7 (53298509..53361724)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 19 NC_000085.6 (53310128..53373293)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000085.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA 1700001K23 gene Neighboring gene predicted gene, 36339 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_46442 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E783 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 30541 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_46448 Neighboring gene survival motor neuron domain containing 1 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer mm1351 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E4292 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E1980 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr19:53499127-53499376 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr19:53515061-53515299 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E5711 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_46454 Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA 4833407H14 gene Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_46456 Neighboring gene myocardial infarction associated transcript 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Inactivation of Mxi1 induces Il-8 secretion activation in polycystic kidney. Yoo KH, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2007 Apr 27. PMID 17350592
    2. Cloning and sequencing of the murine Mxi1 cDNA. Shimizu E, et al. Gene, 1995 Jan 23. PMID 7835718
    3. Max interacting protein 1 induces IL-17-producing T helper/regulatory T imbalance in osteoarthritis by upregulating tectonic family member 2. Li X, et al. Tissue Cell, 2022 Oct. PMID 36049372
    4. Mxi1 regulates cell proliferation through insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. Ko JY, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2011 Nov 11. PMID 22008548
    5. Over-expression of Mxi1 represses renal epithelial tubulogenesis through the reduction of matrix metalloproteinase 9. Song SA, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2012 Mar 16. PMID 22342670

    See all (61) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Max interacting protein 1 induces IL-17-producing T helper/regulatory T imbalance in osteoarthritis by upregulating tectonic family member 2.
      Title: Max interacting protein 1 induces IL-17-producing T helper/regulatory T imbalance in osteoarthritis by upregulating tectonic family member 2.
    2. The mesangial cell apoptosis observed in this mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis model was related to CXCL10 expression induced by Mxi1 inactivation.
      Title: CXCL10 expression induced by Mxi1 inactivation induces mesangial cell apoptosis in mouse Habu nephritis.
    3. Mxi1 regulates Ift20 promoter activity via Ets-1 binding to the Ift20 promoter. These results indicate that inactivating Mxi1 induces ciliary defects in polycystic kidney.
      Title: Inactivation of max-interacting protein 1 induces renal cilia disassembly through reduction in levels of intraflagellar transport 20 in polycystic kidney.
    4. The results support the suggestion that over-expression of Mxi1 can suppress renal epithelial tubulogenesis.
      Title: Over-expression of Mxi1 represses renal epithelial tubulogenesis through the reduction of matrix metalloproteinase 9.
    5. The results support the suggestion that inactivation of Mxi1 has a positive effect on cell proliferation by down-regulating IGFBP-3.
      Title: Mxi1 regulates cell proliferation through insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3.
    6. down-regulation of miR-191 is essential for erythroid chromatin condensation and enucleation by allowing up-regulation of Riok3 and Mxi1
      Title: miR-191 regulates mouse erythroblast enucleation by down-regulating Riok3 and Mxi1.
    7. Apolipoprotein A1 which is a major component of the high-density lipoprotein complex and has anti-inflammation effects, was significantly decreased in the Mxi1-deficient mouse.
      Title: Identification of apolipoproteinA1 reduction in the polycystic kidney by proteomics analysis of the Mxi1-deficient mouse.
    8. Mxi1-SRalpha is an isoform with enhanced transcriptional repression potential
      Title: Mxi1-SRalpha: a novel Mxi1 isoform with enhanced transcriptional repression potential.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (3) 
    • Targeted (1)  1 citation

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    contributes_to DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    contributes_to RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein dimerization activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within blastocyst formation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleolus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    max-interacting protein 1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001008542.3 → NP_001008542.2  max-interacting protein 1 isoform b

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2), also referred to as SRalpha, differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) is longer and has a distinct N-terminus compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC133451, BC064453
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS38022.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3U3X2, Q6P2L3
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000003870.8, ENSMUST00000003870.15
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00353
      Location:140 → 192
      HLH; helix loop helix domain

    2. NM_001008543.3 → NP_001008543.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform c

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3), also referred to as WR, differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (c) is shorter and has a distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform a. This variant is supported by mRNAs and ESTs but the existence of the protein product has not been verified experimentally. Variants 3-6 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC133451, L38821
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS38023.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A494B9V1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000158401.2, ENSMUST00000235201.2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR02169
      Location:75 → 155
      SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type
      cd18930
      Location:32 → 111
      bHLHzip_MXI1; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-interacting protein 1 (MXI1) and similar proteins

    3. NM_001360345.1 → NP_001347274.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform c

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (c) is shorter and has a distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform a. This variant is supported by mRNAs and ESTs but the existence of the protein product has not been verified experimentally. Variants 3-6 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC133451
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS38023.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A494B9V1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000025998.9, ENSMUST00000025998.15
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR02169
      Location:75 → 155
      SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type
      cd18930
      Location:32 → 111
      bHLHzip_MXI1; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-interacting protein 1 (MXI1) and similar proteins

    4. NM_001360346.1 → NP_001347275.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform c

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (c) is shorter and has a distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform a. This variant is supported by mRNAs and ESTs but the existence of the protein product has not been verified experimentally. Variants 3-6 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC133451
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS38023.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A494B9V1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR02169
      Location:75 → 155
      SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type
      cd18930
      Location:32 → 111
      bHLHzip_MXI1; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-interacting protein 1 (MXI1) and similar proteins

    5. NM_001360347.1 → NP_001347276.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform c

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (c) is shorter and has a distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform a. This variant is supported by mRNAs and ESTs but the existence of the protein product has not been verified experimentally. Variants 3-6 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC133451
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS38023.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A494B9V1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000157400.2, ENSMUST00000236973.2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR02169
      Location:75 → 155
      SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type
      cd18930
      Location:32 → 111
      bHLHzip_MXI1; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-interacting protein 1 (MXI1) and similar proteins

    6. NM_001360348.1 → NP_001347277.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform d

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (d) is longer and has a distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC133451
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00353
      Location:80 → 132
      HLH; helix loop helix domain
      cl25732
      Location:118 → 198
      SMC_N; RecF/RecN/SMC N terminal domain

    7. NM_010847.4 → NP_034977.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform a

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1), also referred to as SRbeta, encodes the predominant isoform (a).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC133451, AK140465, CJ170779
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS29901.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P50540
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3USD3, Q6P2L3
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000107366.3, ENSMUST00000111737.3
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00353
      Location:73 → 125
      HLH; helix loop helix domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000085.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      53298509..53361724
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006526735.5 → XP_006526798.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6P2L3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR02169
      Location:168 → 248
      SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type
      cl00081
      Location:125 → 204
      bHLH_SF; basic Helix Loop Helix (bHLH) domain superfamily

    2. XM_006526739.2 → XP_006526802.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A494B9V1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000157822.2, ENSMUST00000237480.2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR02169
      Location:75 → 155
      SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type
      cd18930
      Location:32 → 111
      bHLHzip_MXI1; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-interacting protein 1 (MXI1) and similar proteins

    3. XM_030250763.1 → XP_030106623.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A494B9V1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      PRK00286
      Location:10 → 186
      xseA; exodeoxyribonuclease VII large subunit; Reviewed
      cl00081
      Location:58 → 137
      bHLH_SF; basic Helix Loop Helix (bHLH) domain superfamily

    4. XM_030250765.1 → XP_030106625.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A494B9V1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000157790.2, ENSMUST00000235880.2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR02169
      Location:75 → 155
      SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type
      cd18930
      Location:32 → 111
      bHLHzip_MXI1; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-interacting protein 1 (MXI1) and similar proteins

    5. XM_030250764.2 → XP_030106624.1  max-interacting protein 1 isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A494B9V1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      TIGR02169
      Location:75 → 155
      SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type
      cd18930
      Location:32 → 111
      bHLHzip_MXI1; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-interacting protein 1 (MXI1) and similar proteins
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P50540.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P50540

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    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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