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    Tlk2 tousled-like kinase 2 (Arabidopsis) [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 24086, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Tlk2provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    tousled-like kinase 2 (Arabidopsis)provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:1346023
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000020694 AllianceGenome:MGI:1346023
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Tlk; PKUalpha; PKU-alpha; 4933403M19Rik
    Summary
    Predicted to enable ATP binding activity; identical protein binding activity; and protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including cellular response to gamma radiation; negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; and peptidyl-serine phosphorylation. Located in intermediate filament; nucleus; and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Is expressed in several structures, including genitourinary system; heart; liver; lung; and spleen. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder. Orthologous to human TLK2 (tousled like kinase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in testis adult (RPKM 7.8), CNS E11.5 (RPKM 5.0) and 27 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Tlk2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    11 E1; 11 68.61 cM
    Exon count:
    24
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 11 NC_000077.7 (105066869..105174785)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 11 NC_000077.6 (105167895..105283959)

    Chromosome 11 - NC_000077.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E7076 Neighboring gene methyltransferase 2, methylcytidine Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA 1700052K11 gene Neighboring gene predicted gene 11620 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E8463 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_30905 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 53649 Neighboring gene mannose receptor, C type 2 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr11:105209236-105209536

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Tlk, a novel evolutionarily conserved murine serine threonine kinase, encodes multiple testis transcripts. Shalom S, et al. Mol Reprod Dev, 1999 Apr. PMID 10092119
    2. The TLK-ASF1 histone chaperone pathway plays a critical role in IL-1β-mediated AML progression. Lin HY, et al. Blood, 2024 Jun 27. PMID 38498025, Free PMC Article
    3. Discovery of Stromal Regulatory Networks that Suppress Ras-Sensitized Epithelial Cell Proliferation. Liu H, et al. Dev Cell, 2017 May 22. PMID 28535374, Free PMC Article
    4. Nuclear localization of protein kinase U-alpha is regulated by 14-3-3. Zhang S, et al. J Biol Chem, 1999 Aug 27. PMID 10455159
    5. The circadian E3 ligase complex SCF(FBXL3+CRY) targets TLK2. Correia SP, et al. Sci Rep, 2019 Jan 17. PMID 30655559, Free PMC Article

    See all (28) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. TLK1 and TLK2 have largely redundant roles in genome maintenance.
      Title: Differential requirements for Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 in mammalian development.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 
    • Gene trapped (1) 
    • Targeted (6)  1 citation

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables AMP-activated protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-dependent protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AS1 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AS121 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AT120 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2AXS139 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2BS14 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H2BS36 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S10 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S28 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3S57 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T11 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T3 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T45 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H3T6 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables histone H4S1 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables identical protein binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in DNA damage response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in DNA damage response ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cellular response to gamma radiation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in chromosome segregation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in chromosome segregation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in chromosome segregation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in nucleus localization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein phosphorylation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein phosphorylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of chromatin organization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of chromatin organization ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in spermatogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in intermediate filament IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in intermediate filament ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2
    Names
    protein kinase U-alpha
    NP_001106176.1
    NP_001281258.1
    NP_001281259.1
    NP_001281260.1
    NP_001281263.1
    NP_001348925.1
    XP_006533375.1
    XP_006533376.1
    XP_006533379.2
    XP_006533383.1
    XP_011247316.1
    XP_030101858.1
    XP_030101859.1
    XP_030101861.1
    XP_030101862.1
    XP_036012594.1
    XP_036012595.1
    XP_036012596.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001112705.2 → NP_001106176.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform A

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (A) encodes the longest isoform (A).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL645471
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS48954.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B1ASU9
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000102554.3, ENSMUST00000106941.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:206 → 503
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:433 → 741
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    2. NM_001294329.1 → NP_001281258.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform C

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (C) differs in the 5' UTR and lacks two alternate exons in the coding region compared to variant A; the 5'-most initiation codon, as used in variant A, is associated with a truncated ORF that would render the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). Leaky scanning may allow translation initiation at the alternate AUG to encode an isoform (C) that has a distinct N-terminus, and is shorter, compared to isoform A.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL645471
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:102 → 399
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:329 → 637
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    3. NM_001294330.1 → NP_001281259.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform D

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (D) lacks two alternate in-frame exons in the 5' coding region and its 3' terminal exon extends past a splice site that is used in variant A. This results in a novel 3' coding region and 3' UTR compared to variant A. The encoded isoform (D) is shorter, and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform A.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL645471, BC066198
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS79063.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7ZC85, Q6NZC4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000118520.2, ENSMUST00000145048.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00220
      Location:387 → 592
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
      cl21453
      Location:369 → 593
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    4. NM_001294331.1 → NP_001281260.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform B

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (B) differs in the 5' UTR and lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant A. The encoded isoform (B) is shorter than isoform A.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL645471
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS36356.2
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B1ASU7, B1ASU8, O55047, Q9D5Y5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000102552.3, ENSMUST00000106939.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:174 → 471
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:401 → 709
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    5. NM_001294334.1 → NP_001281263.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform E

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (E) contains a 3' terminal exon that extends past a splice site that is used in variant A. This results in a novel 3' coding region and 3' UTR compared to variant A. The encoded isoform (E) is shorter, and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform A.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK014829, AL645471, BC066198
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS79062.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000090198.4, ENSMUST00000092537.10
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00220
      Location:451 → 656
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
      cl21453
      Location:433 → 657
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    6. NM_001361996.1 → NP_001348925.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform F

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL645471, AW490750
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14041
      Location:369 → 677
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000077.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      105066869..105174785
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006533312.5 → XP_006533375.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B1ASU9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:206 → 503
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:433 → 741
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    2. XM_036156701.1 → XP_036012594.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X4

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B1ASU7, B1ASU8, O55047, Q9D5Y5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:174 → 471
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:401 → 709
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    3. XM_036156702.1 → XP_036012595.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X6

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14041
      Location:364 → 672
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    4. XM_030246002.2 → XP_030101862.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X7

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14041
      Location:338 → 646
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    5. XM_030246001.2 → XP_030101861.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X5

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14041
      Location:370 → 678
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    6. XM_011249014.4 → XP_011247316.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X4

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B1ASU7, B1ASU8, O55047, Q9D5Y5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000015107.7, ENSMUST00000015107.13
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:174 → 471
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:401 → 709
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    7. XM_030245999.2 → XP_030101859.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:182 → 471
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:401 → 709
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    8. XM_030245998.2 → XP_030101858.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B1ASU9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:206 → 503
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:433 → 741
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    9. XM_006533313.5 → XP_006533376.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B1ASU9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:206 → 503
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:433 → 741
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    10. XM_036156703.1 → XP_036012596.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X4

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B1ASU7, B1ASU8, O55047, Q9D5Y5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6NZC4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:174 → 471
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:401 → 709
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    11. XM_006533320.5 → XP_006533383.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X8

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG1196
      Location:102 → 399
      Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
      cd14041
      Location:329 → 637
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    12. XM_006533316.5 → XP_006533379.2  serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 isoform X2

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14041
      Location:396 → 704
      STKc_TLK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine kinase, Tousled-Like Kinase 2

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_011903.3: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_011903.3: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is not sufficient data to support this transcript.
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O55047.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O55047

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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