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    TRAC T cell receptor alpha constant [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 28755, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    TRACprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    T cell receptor alpha constantprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:12029
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000277734 IMGT/GENE-DB:TRAC; MIM:186880; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12029
    Gene type
    other
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    TRA; IMD7; TCRA; TRCA
    Summary
    T cell receptors recognize foreign antigens which have been processed as small peptides and bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules at the surface of antigen presenting cells (APC). Each T cell receptor is a dimer consisting of one alpha and one beta chain or one delta and one gamma chain. In a single cell, the T cell receptor loci are rearranged and expressed in the order delta, gamma, beta, and alpha. If both delta and gamma rearrangements produce functional chains, the cell expresses delta and gamma. If not, the cell proceeds to rearrange the beta and alpha loci. This region represents the germline organization of the T cell receptor alpha and delta loci. Both the alpha and delta loci include V (variable), J (joining), and C (constant) segments and the delta locus also includes diversity (D) segments. The delta locus is situated within the alpha locus, between the alpha V and J segments. During T cell development, the delta chain is synthesized by a recombination event at the DNA level joining a D segment with a J segment; a V segment is then joined to the D-J gene. The alpha chain is synthesized by recombination joining a single V segment with a J segment. For both chains, the C segment is later joined by splicing at the RNA level. Recombination of many different V segments with several J segments provides a wide range of antigen recognition. Additional diversity is attained by junctional diversity, resulting from the random additional of nucleotides by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase. Five variable segments can be used in either alpha or delta chains and are described by TRAV/DV symbols. Several V and J segments of the alpha locus are known to be incapable of encoding a protein and are considered pseudogenes. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]
    Annotation information
    Annotation category: partial on reference assembly
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    Genomic context

    See TRAC in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    14q11.2
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (22547506..22552132)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (16745254..16749884)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (23016447..23021075)

    Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene T cell receptor alpha locus Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8127 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8128 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8129 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8130 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8131 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8134 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8132 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8133 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105370399 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5586 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8135 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:23039191-23039913 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr14:23049159-23049321 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:23051199-23051700 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:23057127-23057768 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:23057769-23058410 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2332 Neighboring gene T cell receptor alpha joining 2 (non-functional) Neighboring gene T cell receptor alpha joining 1 (non-functional) Neighboring gene defender against cell death 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Clone Names

    • FLJ59634

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of alpha-beta T cell receptor complex PubMed 
    part_of alpha-beta T cell receptor complex  
    located_in plasma membrane PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane  
    located_in plasma membrane  

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_001332.3 

      Range
      925603..930229
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      22547506..22552132
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      16745254..16749884
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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