arm armadillo [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: armprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: armadilloprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0000117
Locus tag: Dmel_CG11579
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0000117
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: Arm; ARM; Armadillo; beta-cat; beta-Cat; beta-cat-arm; beta-catenin; beta-Catenin; betacat; betaCatenin; bgr;-Cat; CG11579; Dm Arm; dmCTNNB1; Dmel\CG11579; EG:86E4.6; l(1)2Bv; l(1)arm; l(1)G0192; l(1)G0234; l(1)G0410; t12687 ALR Dm
Summary: Enables several functions, including cadherin binding activity; kinase binding activity; and transcription coactivator activity. Involved in several processes, including generation of neurons; instar larval or pupal development; and regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in several cellular components, including apical plasma membrane; rhabdomere; and zonula adherens. Part of beta-catenin-TCF complex and catenin complex. Is active in germline ring canal. Is expressed in several structures, including anterior-posterior subdivision of organism; ganglia; germline cell; gut section; and imaginal disc. Used to study cancer; carcinoma; and obesity. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including cardiomyopathy (multiple); hepatocellular carcinoma (multiple); palmoplantar keratosis (multiple); reproductive organ cancer (multiple); and urinary system cancer (multiple). Orthologous to several human genes including CTNNB1 (catenin beta 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2B14-2B14; 1-0.2 cM

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	X	NC_004354.4 (1891401..1900646, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	X	NC_004354.3 (1785434..1794679, complement)

Chromosome X - NC_004354.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Armadillo regulates nociceptive sensitivity in the absence of injury.
Title: Armadillo regulates nociceptive sensitivity in the absence of injury.
Role of Armadillo repeat 2 and kinesin-II motor subunit Klp64D for wingless signaling in Drosophila.
Title: Role of Armadillo repeat 2 and kinesin-II motor subunit Klp64D for wingless signaling in Drosophila.
beta-Catenin is a pH sensor with decreased stability at higher intracellular pH.
Title: β-Catenin is a pH sensor with decreased stability at higher intracellular pH.
Study showed that the highly evolutionary conserved Y654 beta-cat-D665-E-cad major interaction site of the adherens junctions complex acts as primary mechanosensor. The site activates the beta-cat pathway through its mechanical opening in vivo that enables phosphorylation by Src42A kinase.
Title: The major β-catenin/E-cadherin junctional binding site is a primary molecular mechano-transductor of differentiation in vivo.
Manipulating Axin or APC2 levels had no effect on beta-catenin destruction complex activity when Wnt signals were absent, but, surprisingly, had opposite effects on the destruction complex when Wnt signals were present. Elevating Axin made the complex more resistant to inactivation, while elevating APC2 levels enhanced inactivation.
Title: Supramolecular assembly of the beta-catenin destruction complex and the effect of Wnt signaling on its localization, molecular size, and activity in vivo.
here we examine the interactions between Msk and the Wg pathway in regulation of the AMP pool size. We find that a myoblast-specific reduction of Msk results in the absence of Vg expression and a complete loss of the Wg pathway readout beta-catenin/Armadillo (Arm). Moreover, msk RNA interference knockdown abolishes expression of the Wg target Ladybird (Lbe) in leg disc myoblasts.
Title: Adult Muscle Formation Requires Drosophila Moleskin for Proliferation of Wing Disc-Associated Muscle Precursors.
An absolute requirement for Armadillo for activation and repression of Wingless protein target genes
Title: Probing the canonicity of the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway.
The data suggests that arm-Gal4 has detrimental effects on Drosophila development and lifespan that are directly dependent upon parental inheritance
Title: Arm-Gal4 inheritance influences development and lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster.
dissociation of tyrosine-phosphorylated Arm from DE-cadherin allows dynamic actin to reorganize, leading to ring canal expansion and cell shape changes during the course of oogenesis
Title: Btk29A-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of armadillo/β-catenin promotes ring canal growth in Drosophila oogenesis.
Armless may promote Wg signaling by rescuing Armadillo from proteolytic degradation.
Title: Protection of armadillo/β-Catenin by armless, a novel positive regulator of wingless signaling.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (46)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Dm0136 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:55469

Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables alpha-catenin binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables cadherin binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables cadherin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables cadherin binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables kinase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables nuclear receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein phosphatase binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription coactivator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription coactivator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription coactivator activity	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in branch fusion, open tracheal system	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in canonical Wnt signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in canonical Wnt signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in canonical Wnt signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in canonical Wnt signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell adhesion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell adhesion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell elongation involved in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell-cell adhesion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell-cell adhesion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in chitin-based larval cuticle pattern formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in compound eye morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cuticle pattern formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in delamination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal closure	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal closure	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in epithelial cell type specification, open tracheal system	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in female germline ring canal formation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heart development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heart formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing expansion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing margin morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in long-term memory	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuroblast development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuroblast fate commitment	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in oogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in photoreceptor cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein localization to adherens junction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein localization to plasma membrane	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in segment polarity determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in somatic stem cell population maintenance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in ventral furrow formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in wing disc morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in zonula adherens assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in adherens junction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in adherens junction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in apical plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in axon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of beta-catenin-TCF complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of beta-catenin-TCF complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of catenin complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of catenin complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in endocytic vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in germline ring canal	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in rhabdomere	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in zonula adherens	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: armadillo

Names: Armadillo(Arm)/beta-catenin; Armadillo/beta-catenin; Armadillo/bgr;-catenin; Beta-catenin/Arm; CG11579-PA; CG11579-PB; CG11579-PC; CG11579-PD; CG11579-PE; CG11579-PF; alpha-Catenin; amardillo; arm-PA; arm-PB; arm-PC; arm-PD; arm-PE; arm-PF; b-catenin; beta-Catenin; beta-catenin/Armadillo; betaCatenin; bgr;-catenin; catenin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

Range

1891401..1900646 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_057317.4 → NP_476665.2 armadillo, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476665.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V3V0, O02371, P18824, Q0KHX2, Q8IRW7, Q9W546

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PGG4

Related

FBpp0089035

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam00514
Location:361 → 398

Arm; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat

sd00043
Location:410 → 435

ARM; armadillo repeat [structural motif]

cl26317
Location:150 → 314

Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region
NM_057318.4 → NP_476666.1 armadillo, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476666.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V3V0, O02371, P18824, Q0KHX2, Q8IRW7, Q9W546

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PGG4

Related

FBpp0089034

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam00514
Location:361 → 398

Arm; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat

sd00043
Location:410 → 435

ARM; armadillo repeat [structural motif]

cl26317
Location:150 → 314

Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region
NM_166912.2 → NP_726775.2 armadillo, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_726775.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P18824

Related

FBpp0089033, FBtr0089990

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PLN03200
Location:161 → 385

PLN03200; cellulose synthase-interactive protein; Provisional

sd00043
Location:410 → 435

ARM; armadillo repeat [structural motif]

pfam00514
Location:361 → 398

Arm; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat
NM_134273.2 → NP_599100.1 armadillo, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_599100.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V3V0, O02371, P18824, Q0KHX2, Q8IRW7, Q9W546

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PGG4

Related

FBpp0089032, FBtr0089989

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam00514
Location:361 → 398

Arm; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat

sd00043
Location:410 → 435

ARM; armadillo repeat [structural motif]

cl26317
Location:150 → 314

Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region
NM_206605.2 → NP_996328.1 armadillo, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_996328.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V3V0, O02371, P18824, Q0KHX2, Q8IRW7, Q9W546

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PGG4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam00514
Location:361 → 398

Arm; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat

sd00043
Location:410 → 435

ARM; armadillo repeat [structural motif]

cl26317
Location:150 → 314

Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region
NM_001272220.1 → NP_001259149.1 armadillo, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259149.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V3V0, O02371, P18824, Q0KHX2, Q8IRW7, Q9W546

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PGG4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam00514
Location:361 → 398

Arm; Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat

sd00043
Location:410 → 435

ARM; armadillo repeat [structural motif]

cl26317
Location:150 → 314

Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region