CXCL9 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CXCL9provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:7098
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000138755 MIM:601704; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7098
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CMK; MIG; Humig; SCYB9; crg-10
Summary: This antimicrobial gene is part of a chemokine superfamily that encodes secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The protein encoded is thought to be involved in T cell trafficking. The encoded protein binds to C-X-C motif chemokine 3 and is a chemoattractant for lymphocytes but not for neutrophils. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]
Annotation information: Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in immune response or antiviral activity.
Expression: Biased expression in lymph node (RPKM 167.1), appendix (RPKM 44.1) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4q21.1

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	4	NC_000004.12 (76001275..76007509, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	4	NC_060928.1 (79341778..79348012, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	4	NC_000004.11 (76922428..76928662, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL19 synergistically recruit T lymphocytes to skin in lichen planus.
Title: CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL19 synergistically recruit T lymphocytes to skin in lichen planus.
The bioinfomatics analysis of the M1 macrophage-related gene CXCL9 signature in cervical cancer.
Title: The bioinfomatics analysis of the M1 macrophage-related gene CXCL9 signature in cervical cancer.
Augmentation of tumor expression of HLA-DR, CXCL9, and CXCL10 may improve olfactory neuroblastoma immunotherapeutic responses.
Title: Augmentation of tumor expression of HLA-DR, CXCL9, and CXCL10 may improve olfactory neuroblastoma immunotherapeutic responses.
The IFN-gamma-CXCL9/CXCL10-CXCR3 axis in vitiligo: Pathological mechanism and treatment.
Title: The IFN-γ-CXCL9/CXCL10-CXCR3 axis in vitiligo: Pathological mechanism and treatment.
Association between Circulating Levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 and Physical Frailty in Older Adults.
Title: Association between Circulating Levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 and Physical Frailty in Older Adults.
Blockade of C5a receptor unleashes tumor-associated macrophage antitumor response and enhances CXCL9-dependent CD8[+] T cell activity.
Title: Blockade of C5a receptor unleashes tumor-associated macrophage antitumor response and enhances CXCL9-dependent CD8(+) T cell activity.
CXCL9 may serve as a potential biomarker for primary Sjogren's syndrome with extra-glandular manifestations.
Title: CXCL9 may serve as a potential biomarker for primary Sjögren's syndrome with extra-glandular manifestations.
Deciphering tumor microenvironment: CXCL9 and SPP1 as crucial determinants of tumor-associated macrophage polarity and prognostic indicators.
Title: Deciphering tumor microenvironment: CXCL9 and SPP1 as crucial determinants of tumor-associated macrophage polarity and prognostic indicators.
C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 9 Correlates with Favorable Prognosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Promoting Immune Cell Infiltration.
Title: C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 9 Correlates with Favorable Prognosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Promoting Immune Cell Infiltration.
CXCL9 and its Receptor CXCR3, an Important Link Between Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risks in RA Patients.
Title: CXCL9 and its Receptor CXCR3, an Important Link Between Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risks in RA Patients.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (177)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
HIV-1 replication is enhanced by CXCL9 expression due to it activating CD4+ T cells as shown through antibody inhibition of CXCL9	PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41	env	A synthetic peptide corresponding to the immunosuppressive domain (amino acids 574-592) of HIV-1 gp41 inhibits activation of PBMCs and downregulates the expression of CXCL9 in peptide-treated PBMCs	PubMed
Tat	tat	HIV-1 and the viral protein Tat modulate the expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9; HuMIG) in immature dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages	PubMed
	tat	Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat upregulates the interferon-responsive gene expression of many proteins, including HuMIG, in immature dendritic cells, an effect that likely facilitates the expansion of HIV-1 infection	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

STS-X72755 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:21263

D4S3315 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:43797

SHGC-60006 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:43798

SHGC-12003 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:52017

G33390 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:52018

CXCL9_560.2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277146

D4S3297 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:23279

SHGC-50181 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:23280

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables CXCR chemokine receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables chemokine activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables chemokine activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables cytokine activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cell-cell signaling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular defense response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in chemokine-mediated signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in chemotaxis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to virus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in inflammatory response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in killing of cells of another organism	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neutrophil chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of myoblast differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of myoblast fusion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in external side of plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: C-X-C motif chemokine 9

Names: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9; gamma-interferon-induced monokine; monokine induced by gamma interferon; monokine induced by interferon-gamma; small-inducible cytokine B9

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_002416.3 → NP_002407.1 C-X-C motif chemokine 9 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002407.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC112719, BC042178, DB141449, X72755

Consensus CDS

CCDS34014.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q07325, Q503B4

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B2R4J7

Related

ENSP00000354901.4, ENST00000264888.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00273
Location:28 → 90

Chemokine_CXC; Chemokine_CXC: 1 of 4 subgroup designations based on the arrangement of the two N-terminal cysteine residues; includes a number of secreted growth factors and interferons involved in mitogenic, chemotactic, and inflammatory activity; many members ...