CRH corticotropin releasing hormone [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CRHprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: corticotropin releasing hormoneprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:2355
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000147571 MIM:122560; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2355
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CRF; CRH1
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor family. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature neuropeptide hormone. In response to stress, this hormone is secreted by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, binds to corticotropin releasing hormone receptors and stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone from the pituitary gland. Marked reduction in this protein has been observed in association with Alzheimer's disease. Autosomal recessive hypothalamic corticotropin deficiency has multiple and potentially fatal metabolic consequences including hypoglycemia and hepatitis. In addition to production in the hypothalamus, this protein is also synthesized in peripheral tissues, such as T lymphocytes, and is highly expressed in the placenta. In the placenta it is a marker that determines the length of gestation and the timing of parturition and delivery. A rapid increase in circulating levels of the hormone occurs at the onset of parturition, suggesting that, in addition to its metabolic functions, this protein may act as a trigger for parturition. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
Expression: Biased expression in placenta (RPKM 2.8), fat (RPKM 0.8) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 8q13.1

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	8	NC_000008.11 (66176376..66178464, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	8	NC_060932.1 (66602063..66612357, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	8	NC_000008.10 (67088611..67090699, complement)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000008.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Role of CRH in colitis and colitis-associated cancer: a combinative result of central and peripheral effects?
Title: Role of CRH in colitis and colitis-associated cancer: a combinative result of central and peripheral effects?
The peripheral corticotropin releasing factor family's role in vasculitis.
Title: The peripheral corticotropin releasing factor family's role in vasculitis.
Expression of Wilms' Tumor 1 Antigen, Vimentin, and Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Human Kidney with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Effect of Oxidative Stress on These Markers in HEK 293 Cells.
Title: Expression of Wilms' Tumor 1 Antigen, Vimentin, and Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Human Kidney with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Effect of Oxidative Stress on These Markers in HEK 293 Cells.
Increases in maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy and infant cortisol reactivity: Mediation by placental corticotropin-releasing hormone.
Title: Increases in maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy and infant cortisol reactivity: Mediation by placental corticotropin-releasing hormone.
Sex-dependent association of DNA methylation in the coding region of the corticotropin-releasing hormone gene and schizophrenia spectrum disorder.
Title: Sex-dependent association of DNA methylation in the coding region of the corticotropin-releasing hormone gene and schizophrenia spectrum disorder.
Different oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing hormone system changes in bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder patients.
Title: Different oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing hormone system changes in bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder patients.
An Insertion Variant in CRH Confers an Increased Risk of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.
Title: An Insertion Variant in CRH Confers an Increased Risk of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.
Gene polymorphisms and serum levels of BDNF and CRH in vitiligo patients.
Title: Gene polymorphisms and serum levels of BDNF and CRH in vitiligo patients.
Stress-Related Brain Neuroinflammation Impact in Depression: Role of the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone System and P2X7 Receptor.
Title: Stress-Related Brain Neuroinflammation Impact in Depression: Role of the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone System and P2X7 Receptor.
Placental pathology, corticotropin-releasing hormone, timing of parturition, and fetal growth in the pregnancy outcomes and community health study.
Title: Placental pathology, corticotropin-releasing hormone, timing of parturition, and fetal growth in the pregnancy outcomes and community health study.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (161)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide study of gene variants associated with differential cardiovascular event reduction by pravastatin therapy. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

STS-T54293 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:3161

RH69917 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:1114

STS-V00571 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:923

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:16032

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables corticotropin-releasing hormone activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hormone activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables neuropeptide hormone activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables signaling receptor binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adrenal gland development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in associative learning	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to cocaine	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in diterpenoid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in female pregnancy	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glucocorticoid biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in hormone-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in hypothalamus development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in inflammatory response	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in learning or memory	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in locomotory exploration behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in long-term synaptic potentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in lung development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in monoatomic ion homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of epinephrine secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of glucagon secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in neuron apoptotic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in parturition	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of behavioral fear response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of calcium ion import	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of corticosterone secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of corticotropin secretion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cortisol secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of cortisol secretion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of digestive system process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of NMDA receptor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of serotonin secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to aldosterone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to corticosterone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to estrogen	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to ethanol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to ether	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to immobilization stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to pain	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in neuronal dense core vesicle lumen	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in perikaryon	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in varicosity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: corticoliberin

Names: corticotropin-releasing factor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_016127.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5000..7088

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_000756.4 → NP_000747.1 corticoliberin preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000747.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC090195, AK075431

Consensus CDS

CCDS6188.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B3KQS4, P06850

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0S2Z478

Related

ENSP00000276571.3, ENST00000276571.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00473
Location:157 → 194

CRF; Corticotropin-releasing factor family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000008.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

66176376..66178464 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

NC_060932.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Range

66602063..66612357 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_054359802.1 → XP_054215777.1 corticoliberin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B3KQS4, P06850

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0S2Z478
XM_054359801.1 → XP_054215776.1 corticoliberin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B3KQS4, P06850

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0S2Z478
XM_054359803.1 → XP_054215778.1 corticoliberin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B3KQS4, P06850

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0S2Z478