Tmsb4x thymosin beta 4, X-linked [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Tmsb4xprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: thymosin beta 4, X-linkedprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:621622
See related: AllianceGenome:RGD:621622
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Predicted to enable actin monomer binding activity; enzyme binding activity; and protein sequestering activity. Involved in osteoblast differentiation. Predicted to be located in cytosol and nucleus. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. Orthologous to human TMSB4X (thymosin beta 4 X-linked). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Spleen (RPKM 21481.8), Lung (RPKM 13713.2) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: Xq13

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	X	NC_086039.1 (30761611..30763612)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	X	NC_051356.1 (27144666..27146667)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	X	NC_005120.4 (28593405..28617267)

Chromosome X - NC_086039.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

[Effect and mechanism of thymosin beta 4 on spinal cord-derived neural stem /progenitor cell injury induced by oxidative stress].
Title: [Effect and mechanism of thymosin beta 4 on spinal cord-derived neural stem /progenitor cell injury induced by oxidative stress].
Results show that Tbeta4 increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis of H2O2-injured neural stem/progenitor cells. Also, Tbeta4 attenuated oxidative stress injury in H2O2-injured neural stem/ progenitor cells via the TLR4/MyD88 pathway.
Title: Thymosin beta 4 attenuates oxidative stress-induced injury of spinal cord-derived neural stem/progenitor cells through the TLR4/MyD88 pathway.
In conclusion, Thymosin beta4 significantly increased angiogenesis by enhancing the paracrine effects of Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), evidenced by the increased expression of VEGF
Title: Thymosin β4 promotes endothelial progenitor cell angiogenesis via a vascular endothelial growth factor‑dependent mechanism.
Data reveal, that Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) inhibits microglia activation in vitro.
Title: Thymosin β4 inhibits microglia activation through microRNA 146a in neonatal rats following hypoxia injury.
Collectively, the expression of Tmsb4x was strongly detected in the testis and epididymis of rats, and was highly regulated in the epididymis by testosterone.
Title: Comparative expression and regulation of TMSB4X in male reproductive tissues of rats and chickens.
These data suggest that Tbeta4 suppresses the TLR proinflammatory pathway by up-regulating miR-146a.
Title: Thymosin β4 up-regulation of microRNA-146a promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and suppression of the Toll-like proinflammatory pathway.
a species-specific expression of Tbeta4 and Tbeta10, characterized by the actual unpredictability of the expression of these peptides in different cells and tissues
Title: Immunoreactivity for thymosin beta 4 and thymosin beta 10 in the adult rat oro-gastro-intestinal tract.
Tbeta4 treatment induces oligodendrocyte differentiation by inducing p38MAPK with parallel inactivation of ERK1 and JNK1, preventing accumulation of phosphorylated c-Jun.
Title: Thymosin β 4 mediates oligodendrocyte differentiation by upregulating p38 MAPK.
Tbeta4 selectively targets and upregulates catalase, Cu/Zn-SOD and Bcl(2), thereby, preventing H(2)O(2)-induced profibrotic changes in the myocardium.
Title: Thymosin beta 4 prevents oxidative stress by targeting antioxidant and anti-apoptotic genes in cardiac fibroblasts.
Thymosin beta4 may play a role in diabetic retinal neovascularization.
Title: Intraocular expression of thymosin β4 in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

General gene information

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Markers

TMSB4X (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:506515

Tmsb4x (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:528060

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables actin monomer binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables actin monomer binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables actin monomer binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables enzyme binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein sequestering activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in actin filament organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in osteoblast differentiation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of cell migration	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in sequestering of actin monomers	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in sequestering of actin monomers	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: thymosin beta-4

Names: t beta 4; thymosin, beta 4, X chromosome

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.