Piwil2 piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Piwil2provided by MGI
Official Full Name: piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:1930036
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000033644 AllianceGenome:MGI:1930036
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: mili; Piwil1l
Summary: Enables RNA endonuclease activity; mRNA binding activity; and piRNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including germ-line stem cell population maintenance; negative regulation of circadian rhythm; and regulation of gene expression. Acts upstream of with a positive effect on piRNA-mediated retrotransposon silencing by heterochromatin formation. Acts upstream of or within positive regulation of meiosis I. Located in several cellular components, including cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule; dense body; and perinucleolar chromocenter. Part of PET complex. Is expressed in central nervous system; genitourinary system; and sensory organ. Orthologous to human PIWIL2 (piwi like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 14.5) and genital fat pad adult (RPKM 0.5) See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14 D2; 14 36.32 cM

Exon count:: 25

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	14	NC_000080.7 (70609926..70674338, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	14	NC_000080.6 (70372477..70436898, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000080.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

PIWIL2 restrains the progression of thyroid cancer via interaction with miR-146a-3p.
Title: PIWIL2 restrains the progression of thyroid cancer via interaction with miR-146a-3p.
Piwil2 (Mili) sustains neurogenesis and prevents cellular senescence in the postnatal hippocampus.
Title: Piwil2 (Mili) sustains neurogenesis and prevents cellular senescence in the postnatal hippocampus.
PIWIL-2 and piRNAs are regularly expressed in epithelia of the skin and their expression is related to differentiation.
Title: PIWIL-2 and piRNAs are regularly expressed in epithelia of the skin and their expression is related to differentiation.
we show that mitochondria-anchored TDRKH controls multiple steps of pachytene piRNA biogenesis in mice. TDRKH specifically recruits MIWI, but not MILI, to engage the piRNA pathway. It is required for the production of the entire MIWI-bound piRNA population and enables trimming of MILI-bound piRNAs.
Title: Mitochondrial membrane-based initial separation of MIWI and MILI functions during pachytene piRNA biogenesis.
When MILI (or PIWIL2), a PIWI family member, was depleted by gene knockout, almost all PIWI-interacting RNA disappeared.
Title: Roles of MIWI, MILI and PLD6 in small RNA regulation in mouse growing oocytes.
MILI is responsible for DNA methylation of a larger subset of TE families than MIWI2.
Title: MIWI2 and MILI Have Differential Effects on piRNA Biogenesis and DNA Methylation.
piRNA biogenesis triggered by PIWI slicing, and promoted by EXD1, ensures that the same guides instruct PIWI proteins in the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Title: PIWI Slicing and EXD1 Drive Biogenesis of Nuclear piRNAs from Cytosolic Targets of the Mouse piRNA Pathway.
Knockdown of MILI in B16 cell line could activate MAGEA expression and increase the cell migration ability, whereas the overexpression of MILI in B16BL6 cell line could inhibit MAGEA expression and decrease the cell migration ability.
Title: MILI, a PIWI family protein, inhibits melanoma cell migration through methylation of LINE1.
Report shows that fly Aub, Bombyx mori Siwi, and mouse MILI select targets bearing a t1A nucleotide irrespective of the identity of the g1 nucleotide of their piRNA guide.
Title: The initial uridine of primary piRNAs does not create the tenth adenine that Is the hallmark of secondary piRNAs.
Mice with a global deletion of all three piwi genes, Miwi, Mili, and Miwi2, are able to maintain long-term hematopoiesis with no observable effect on the homeostatic hematopoietic stem cells compartment in adult mice.
Title: Piwi genes are dispensable for normal hematopoiesis in mice.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (2)
Targeted (4) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

G65205 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:225871

G65781 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:225904

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:548222

Piwil2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:479195

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables RNA endonuclease activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA endonuclease activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA endonuclease activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables mRNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables piRNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables piRNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables piRNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in germ-line stem cell population maintenance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in meiotic cell cycle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of circadian rhythm	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of circadian rhythm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in oogenesis	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within pachytene	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within pachytene	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in piRNA processing	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in piRNA processing	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in piRNA processing	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in piRNA-mediated gene silencing by mRNA destabilization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cytoplasmic translation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of meiosis I	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulatory ncRNA-mediated gene silencing	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulatory ncRNA-mediated gene silencing	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in rhythmic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in secondary piRNA processing	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in secondary piRNA processing	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in spermatogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in spermatogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect transposable element silencing by heterochromatin formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in transposable element silencing by mRNA destabilization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in transposable element silencing by piRNA-mediated DNA methylation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect transposable element silencing by piRNA-mediated heterochromatin formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in P granule	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in P granule	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of PET complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in chromatoid body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in dense body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perinucleolar chromocenter	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in pi-body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: piwi-like protein 2

Names: Miwi like; Miwi likw; piwi-like homolog 2

NP_001351250.1

EC 3.1.26.-

NP_067283.1

EC 3.1.26.-

XP_006519392.1

EC 3.1.26.-

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001364321.1 → NP_001351250.1 piwi-like protein 2 isoform 2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AB032605, AC025669, AC122268

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd02845
Location:456 → 573

PAZ_piwi_like; PAZ domain, Piwi_like subfamily. In multi-cellular organisms, the Piwi protein appears to be essential for the maintenance of germline stem cells. In the Drosophila male germline, Piwi was shown to be involved in the silencing of retrotransposons in the ...

cd04658
Location:581 → 1025

Piwi_piwi-like_Euk; Piwi_piwi-like_Euk: PIWI domain, Piwi-like subfamily found in eukaryotes. This domain is found in Piwi and closely related proteins, where it is believed to perform a crucial role in germline cells, via RNA silencing. RNA silencing refers to a group of ...

pfam08699
Location:408 → 455

ArgoL1; Argonaute linker 1 domain

cl26464
Location:73 → 271

Atrophin-1; Atrophin-1 family
NM_021308.2 → NP_067283.1 piwi-like protein 2 isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_067283.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AB032605, AC025669, AC122268

Consensus CDS

CCDS27252.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A6H617, Q3TQE8, Q8CDG1, Q99MV6, Q9JMB6

Related

ENSMUSP00000047385.5, ENSMUST00000048129.6

Conserved Domains (4) summary

PHA03247
Location:2 → 200

PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional

cd02845
Location:385 → 502

PAZ_piwi_like; PAZ domain, Piwi_like subfamily. In multi-cellular organisms, the Piwi protein appears to be essential for the maintenance of germline stem cells. In the Drosophila male germline, Piwi was shown to be involved in the silencing of retrotransposons in the ...

cd04658
Location:510 → 954

Piwi_piwi-like_Euk; PIWI domain, Piwi-like subfamily found in eukaryotes. This domain is found in Piwi and closely related proteins, where it is believed to perform a crucial role in germline cells, via RNA silencing. RNA silencing refers to a group of related ...

pfam08699
Location:337 → 384

ArgoL1; Argonaute linker 1 domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000080.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

70609926..70674338 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006519329.4 → XP_006519392.1 piwi-like protein 2 isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006519392.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A6H617, Q3TQE8, Q8CDG1, Q99MV6, Q9JMB6

Conserved Domains (4) summary

PHA03247
Location:2 → 200

PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional

cd02845
Location:385 → 502

PAZ_piwi_like; PAZ domain, Piwi_like subfamily. In multi-cellular organisms, the Piwi protein appears to be essential for the maintenance of germline stem cells. In the Drosophila male germline, Piwi was shown to be involved in the silencing of retrotransposons in the ...

cd04658
Location:510 → 954

Piwi_piwi-like_Euk; PIWI domain, Piwi-like subfamily found in eukaryotes. This domain is found in Piwi and closely related proteins, where it is believed to perform a crucial role in germline cells, via RNA silencing. RNA silencing refers to a group of related ...

pfam08699
Location:337 → 384

ArgoL1; Argonaute linker 1 domain