SSX1 SSX family member 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: SSX1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: SSX family member 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:11335
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000126752 MIM:312820; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11335
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: SSRC; CT5.1; SPGFX5
Summary: The product of this gene belongs to the family of highly homologous synovial sarcoma X (SSX) breakpoint proteins. These proteins may function as transcriptional repressors. They are also capable of eliciting spontaneous humoral and cellular immune responses in cancer patients, and are potentially useful targets in cancer vaccine-based immunotherapy. This gene, and also the SSX2 and SSX4 family members, have been involved in t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2) translocations that are characteristically found in all synovial sarcomas. This translocation results in the fusion of the synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18 to one of the SSX genes on chromosome X. The encoded hybrid proteins are likely responsible for transforming activity. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]
Expression: Restricted expression toward testis (RPKM 3.9) See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: Xp11.23

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	X	NC_000023.11 (48255392..48267444)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	X	NC_060947.1 (47664400..47676453)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	X	NC_000023.10 (48114827..48126879)

Chromosome X - NC_000023.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

SS18-SSX1 deregulates developmental programs to drive transformation by hijacking a transcriptional repressive complex to aberrantly activate gene expression
Title: The SS18-SSX Oncoprotein Hijacks KDM2B-PRC1.1 to Drive Synovial Sarcoma.
Synovial sarcoma (SS) is considered as high-grade tumors with a poor prognosis. Novel therapies targeted at fusion oncogene, SS18-SSX-derived peptide vaccine, epidermal growth factor receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor are the future hope in SS.
Title: Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma: A reappraisal.
Data indicate that the oncogene SS18-SSX1 promotes tumorigenesis by increasing the expression of SHC SH2-domain binding protein 1 (SHCBP1), which normally acts as a tumor promoting factor.
Title: Identification of SHCBP1 as a novel downstream target gene of SS18-SSX1 and its functional analysis in progression of synovial sarcoma.
In patients with Colon cancer, the expression of SSX1 gene was associated with a poor prognosis.
Title: [Cancer-testis genes in colon cancer].
Meta-analysis of human synovial sarcoma patient series identified two tumor-gentoype-phenotype correlations that were not modeled by the mice, namely a scarcity of male hosts and biphasic histologic features among SS18-SSX2 tumors. Re-analysis of human SS18-SSX1 and SS18-SSX2 tumor transcriptomes demonstrated very few consistent differences, but highlighted increased native SSX2 expression in SS18-SSX1 tumors.
Title: The impact of chromosomal translocation locus and fusion oncogene coding sequence in synovial sarcomagenesis.
Data show that SS18/SSX tightly regulates the elevated expression of the key Wnt target AXIN2 in primary synovial sarcoma.
Title: The fusion protein SS18-SSX1 employs core Wnt pathway transcription factors to induce a partial Wnt signature in synovial sarcoma.
a rare variant of the SS18-SSX1 fusion transcript, which could not be identified by routine procedures for genetic diagnosis, was detected. In addition, 8 missense mutations of cancer-related genes were confirmed
Title: Detection of Rare Variant of SS18-SSX1 Fusion Gene and Mutations of Important Cancer-Related Genes in Synovial Sarcoma of the Lip: Gene Analyses of a Case and Literature Review.
SS18-SSX-induced Wnt/beta-catenin signaling appears to be of crucial biological importance in synovial sarcoma tumorigenesis and progression.
Title: SS18-SSX fusion protein-induced Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a therapeutic target in synovial sarcoma.
The mRNA levels of SSX1 and SSX4 are associated with multiple myeloma clinical stage
Title: Expression of cancer-testis antigen in multiple myeloma.
These results suggest that the characteristic speckle localization pattern of SS18-SSX is strongly involved in the tumorigenesis through the SSX moiety of the SS18-SSX fusion protein.
Title: Truncated SSX protein suppresses synovial sarcoma cell proliferation by inhibiting the localization of SS18-SSX fusion protein.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (23)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 5 MedGen: C5829558 OMIM: 301099 GeneReviews: Not available	not available

Variation

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See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription corepressor activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in spermatogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in sperm flagellum	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: protein SSX1

Names: cancer/testis antigen 5.1; cancer/testis antigen family 5, member 1; sarcoma, synovial, X-chromosome-related 1; synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_012528.2 RefSeqGene

Range

5031..17083

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001278691.2 → NP_001265620.1 protein SSX1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001265620.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Both variants 1 and 2 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AC245047, BC150487, BE777476, BF211314, BQ774004

Consensus CDS

CCDS14290.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A3KN76, A6NJM6, Q08AJ2, Q16384, Q5JQ64, Q7RTT4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00349
Location:23 → 82

KRAB; krueppel associated box

pfam09514
Location:156 → 187

SSXRD; SSXRD motif
NM_005635.4 → NP_005626.1 protein SSX1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005626.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Both variants 1 and 2 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

BC150487, BQ774004

Consensus CDS

CCDS14290.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A3KN76, A6NJM6, Q08AJ2, Q16384, Q5JQ64, Q7RTT4

Related

ENSP00000366118.3, ENST00000376919.4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00349
Location:23 → 82

KRAB; krueppel associated box

pfam09514
Location:156 → 187

SSXRD; SSXRD motif