ple pale [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: pleprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: paleprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0005626
Locus tag: Dmel_CG10118
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0005626
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG10118; DH65B; Dmel\CG10118; DTH; dTH1; dTH65B; Pale; pale/ple; Ple; th; Th; TH; TyrH; VII
Summary: Predicted to enable tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity. Involved in several processes, including adult chitin-containing cuticle pigmentation; regulation of epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system; and thermosensory behavior. Predicted to be active in axon; cytoplasm; and perikaryon. Is expressed in several structures, including aminergic neurons; gut section; neuroblast lineage clone; synaptic neuropil domain; and synaptic neuropil subdomain. Used to study Parkinson's disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Parkinson's disease; Parkinsonism; heroin dependence; hypertension; and obesity. Orthologous to human TH (tyrosine hydroxylase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 65C3-65C3; 3-17 cM

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3L	NT_037436.4 (6713356..6719525, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3L	NT_037436.3 (6706456..6712625, complement)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Downregulation of Plasma Membrane Ca[2+] ATPase driven by tyrosine hydroxylase-Gal4 reduces Drosophila lifespan independently of effects in neurons.
Title: Downregulation of Plasma Membrane Ca(2+) ATPase driven by tyrosine hydroxylase-Gal4 reduces Drosophila lifespan independently of effects in neurons.
activity of tyrosine hydroxylase is also increased by this interaction, in excess of the stimulation resulting from phosphorylation alone
Title: Direct binding of GTP cyclohydrolase and tyrosine hydroxylase: regulatory interactions between key enzymes in dopamine biosynthesis.
The biochemically conserved regulatory mechanisms of recombinant DTH parallel those from mammals.
Title: Biochemical conservation of recombinant Drosophila tyrosine hydroxylase with its mammalian cognates.
maternal as well as embryonic effects on the secretion and/or functionality of Tyrosine hydroxylase (pale) may play roles in the early developmental program of the organism.
Title: Maternal and embryonic sources of tyrosine hydroxylase during Drosophila embryogenesis.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables iron ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adult chitin-containing cuticle pigmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in adult locomotory behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in aromatic amino acid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in catecholamine biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in catecholamine metabolic process	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in courtship behavior	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in cuticle pigmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in developmental pigmentation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in dopamine metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in male courtship behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of adult chitin-containing cuticle pigmentation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of adult chitin-containing cuticle pigmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hydrogen peroxide	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to wounding	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in thermosensory behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in thermotaxis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in wing disc development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in axon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in perikaryon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: pale

Names: CG10118-PA; CG10118-PB; CG10118-PC; Tyrosine-3-hydroxylase; XBB70 group VII; drosophila tyrosine hydroxylase; ple-PA; ple-PB; ple-PC; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; tyrosine hydrodroxylase; tyrosine hydroxylase; tyrosine-hydroxylase; tyrosone hydroxylase

NP_001286955.1

EC 1.14.16.-

EC 1.14.16.2

NP_476897.1

EC 1.14.16.-

EC 1.14.16.2

NP_476898.1

EC 1.14.16.-

EC 1.14.16.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_037436.4 Reference assembly

Range

6713356..6719525 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001300026.1 → NP_001286955.1 pale, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001286955.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P18459, Q24000, Q8SY95

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B5X0J4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

TIGR01269
Location:130 → 576

Tyr_3_monoox; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tetrameric
NM_057549.3 → NP_476897.1 pale, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476897.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P18459

Related

FBpp0076665

Conserved Domains (3) summary

TIGR01269
Location:48 → 505

Tyr_3_monoox; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tetrameric

cd04930
Location:48 → 163

ACT_TH; ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylases (TH)

pfam00351
Location:172 → 502

Biopterin_H; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase
NM_057550.4 → NP_476898.1 pale, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476898.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P18459, Q24000, Q8SY95

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B5X0J4

Related

FBpp0076666

Conserved Domains (1) summary

TIGR01269
Location:130 → 576

Tyr_3_monoox; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tetrameric