GTF2B general transcription factor IIB [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: GTF2Bprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: general transcription factor IIBprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4648
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000137947 MIM:189963; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4648
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: TF2B; TFIIB
Summary: This gene encodes the general transcription factor IIB, one of the ubiquitous factors required for transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II. The protein localizes to the nucleus where it forms a complex (the DAB complex) with transcription factors IID and IIA. Transcription factor IIB serves as a bridge between IID, the factor which initially recognizes the promoter sequence, and RNA polymerase II. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 18.5), gall bladder (RPKM 11.2) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1p22.2

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (88852633..88891567, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (88696014..88734967, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (89318316..89357250, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Differential dependencies of human RNA polymerase II promoters on TBP, TAF1, TFIIB and XPB.
Title: Differential dependencies of human RNA polymerase II promoters on TBP, TAF1, TFIIB and XPB.
Transcription factor GTF2B regulates AIP protein expression in growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas and influences tumor phenotypes.
Title: Transcription factor GTF2B regulates AIP protein expression in growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas and influences tumor phenotypes.
Release of Human TFIIB from Actively Transcribing Complexes Is Triggered upon Synthesis of 7- and 9-nt RNAs.
Title: Release of Human TFIIB from Actively Transcribing Complexes Is Triggered upon Synthesis of 7- and 9-nt RNAs.
a hand-off model in which Ssu72 mediates a conformational transition in TFIIB, accounting for the role of Ssu72 in transcription reinitiation, gene looping, and promoter-terminator cross-talk.
Title: Structural dissection of an interaction between transcription initiation and termination factors implicated in promoter-terminator cross-talk.
binding of specific DNA sequences changes the protein structure and dynamics, and TFIIB may exist in two conformational states
Title: In vitro fluorescence studies of transcription factor IIB-DNA interaction.
The role of zinc at Cys3His1 binding site in the absence of TFIIB protein folding
Title: Evaluation of the Intrinsic Zn(II) Affinity of a Cys3His1 Site in the Absence of Protein Folding Effects.
these results establish a new paradigm for TFIIB functionality in human gene expression, which when downregulated has potent anti-viral effects.
Title: A new paradigm for transcription factor TFIIB functionality.
Association of the winged helix motif of the TFIIEalpha subunit of TFIIE with either the TFIIEbeta subunit or TFIIB distinguishes its functions in transcription.
Title: Association of the winged helix motif of the TFIIEα subunit of TFIIE with either the TFIIEβ subunit or TFIIB distinguishes its functions in transcription.
TFIIB was involved in the proliferation and growth of HCC cells.
Title: General transcription factor IIb overexpression and a potential link to proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
a mode of phospho-TFIIB-independent transcriptional regulation that prioritizes the transcription of p53-target genes during cellular stress.
Title: TFIIB dephosphorylation links transcription inhibition with the p53-dependent DNA damage response.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (28)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	Binding of HIV-1 Tat to p300 induces a conformational change in the CBP/p300 complex such that it can acquire and bind better to transcription factors such as TBP and TFIIB, indicating Tat helps CBP/p300 recruit new partners to the transcription machinery	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat interacts with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex that supports Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR in vitro upon addition of TBP and TFIIB	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat interacts with a cellular protein, TAP (Tat-associated protein), that functions as a co-activator and bridges Tat to the general transcription machinery via TFIIB	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat directly interacts with TFIIB as demonstrated by Tat-affinity column purification	PubMed
	tat	Transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR by HIV-1 Tat and the cellular cofactor Tat-SF1 is mediated by basal transcription factors, including TFIIB	PubMed
	tat	Overexpression of TFIIB inhibits HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter	PubMed
	tat	The cysteine rich and core domains (amino acids 27-103) of HIV-1 Tat mediate binding to two domains of TFIIB, amino acids 27-103 in the N-terminal domain and the first direct repeat of the C-terminal domain between amino acids 148-163	PubMed
Vpr	vpr	Specific binding of HIV-1 Vpr (amino acids 15-35) to TFIIB (amino acids 52-55) causes a conformational change in TFIIB and is correlated with the ability of Vpr to stimulate transcription through the glucocorticoid receptor pathway	PubMed
nucleocapsid	gag	HIV-1 Nucleocapsid has been shown to bind to the HIV-1 LTR promoter and enhance NF-kappaB, Sp1, and TFIIB-induced HIV-1 LTR-directed RNA transcription	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

A002M34 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:6739

RH70846 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:6629

RH12661 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:4073

D1S3261 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:36091

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II complex binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables TBP-class protein binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables TBP-class protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables acetyltransferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables acetyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables histone H2AK5 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H2AK9 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H2BK12 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H2BK5 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K122 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K14 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K18 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K23 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K27 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K36 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K4 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K56 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K9 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H4K12 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H4K16 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H4K5 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H4K8 acetyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nuclear thyroid hormone receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables promoter-specific chromatin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in DNA-templated transcription initiation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in RNA polymerase II core complex assembly	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in RNA polymerase II core complex assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in chromatin remodeling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in meiotic sister chromatid cohesion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of core promoter binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein acetylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in spindle assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase II promoter	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase II promoter	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in viral transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in viral transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in cell division site	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in germinal vesicle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in kinetochore	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nuclear body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of protein-DNA complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription factor TFIID complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription preinitiation complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: transcription initiation factor IIB

Names: RNA polymerase II transcription factor IIB; S300-II; general transcription factor TFIIB

NP_001505.1

EC 2.3.1.48

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001514.6 → NP_001505.1 transcription initiation factor IIB

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001505.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AL445991

Consensus CDS

CCDS715.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A8K1A7, Q00403, Q5JS30

Related

ENSP00000359531.5, ENST00000370500.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

COG1405
Location:14 → 290

SUA7; Transcription initiation factor TFIIIB, Brf1 subunit/Transcription initiation factor TFIIB [Transcription]