Emx2 empty spiracles homeobox 2 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Emx2provided by MGI
Official Full Name: empty spiracles homeobox 2provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:95388
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000043969 AllianceGenome:MGI:95388
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Pdo
Summary: Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in stereocilium bundle organization. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including anterior/posterior pattern specification; nervous system development; and ureter morphogenesis. Predicted to be located in nucleoplasm. Predicted to be active in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including central nervous system; future brain; genitourinary system; jaw; and nose. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in colorectal cancer and stomach cancer. Orthologous to human EMX2 (empty spiracles homeobox 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in ovary adult (RPKM 18.5), CNS E11.5 (RPKM 11.0) and 11 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 19 D3; 19 56.28 cM

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	19	NC_000085.7 (59447122..59453789)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	19	NC_000085.6 (59458690..59465357)

Chromosome 19 - NC_000085.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Function of bidirectional sensitivity in the otolith organs established by transcription factor Emx2.
Title: Function of bidirectional sensitivity in the otolith organs established by transcription factor Emx2.
EMX2-GPR156-Galphai reverses hair cell orientation in mechanosensory epithelia.
Title: EMX2-GPR156-Gαi reverses hair cell orientation in mechanosensory epithelia.
Live imaging of hair bundle polarity acquisition demonstrates a critical timeline for transcription factor Emx2.
Title: Live imaging of hair bundle polarity acquisition demonstrates a critical timeline for transcription factor Emx2.
Results demonstrated that EMX2 inhibited the AKT/mTOR/S6K signaling pathway and decreased epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the downregulation of EMX2 was revealed to be associated with EMT in esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Title: EMX2 is epigenetically silenced and suppresses epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in human esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Study suggests that DMRT3/5 function with EMX2 in positioning the pallial-subpallial boundary by antagonizing the ventral homeobox transcription factor GSX2.
Title: DMRT5, DMRT3, and EMX2 Cooperatively Repress Gsx2 at the Pallium-Subpallium Boundary to Maintain Cortical Identity in Dorsal Telencephalic Progenitors.
This initial screen isolated two potential Emx2-binding partner proteins, Cnot6l and QkI-7. These novel Emx2-binding proteins are involved in multiple levels of mRNA metabolism that including splicing, mRNA export, translation, and destruction
Title: Identification of Novel Binding Partners for Transcription Factor Emx2.
We found that expression of Emx2 and Lhx2 initiated between neuronal progenitor and neuronal precursor stages. As far as the sensory neurons of the vomeronasal organ are concerned, Meis1 and Meis2 were only expressed in the apical layer, together with Gnai2, but not in the basal layer.
Title: Expression patterns of homeobox genes in the mouse vomeronasal organ at postnatal stages.
Results showed that Emx2 overexpression in cortico-cerebral stem cells inhibits astrogenesis, largely in a cell-autonomous way
Title: Emx2 expression levels in NSCs modulate astrogenesis rates by regulating EgfR and Fgf9.
Emx2 expression led to inhibition of cell proliferation and Wnt signaling pathway both in vitro and in a gastric cancer xenograft model in vivo.
Title: Adenoviral delivery of the EMX2 gene suppresses growth in human gastric cancer.
A high incidence of urinary tract anomalies in Pax2;Emx2 were found in compound heterozygous mice that are not found in single heterozygous mice.
Title: Vesicoureteral reflux and other urinary tract malformations in mice compound heterozygous for Pax2 and Emx2.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (40)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Chemically induced (ENU) (2) 1 citation
Endonuclease-mediated (6) 1 citation
Targeted (5) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Emx2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:464669

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:164907

Emx2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:234046

Emx2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:238160

Emx2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:226152

Emx2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:142986

Emx2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:547216

Emx2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:530684

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within anterior/posterior pattern specification	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within anterior/posterior pattern specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in brain development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within brain development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell proliferation in forebrain	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in central nervous system development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cerebral cortex development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cerebral cortex regionalization	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cerebral cortex regionalization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within dentate gyrus development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within forebrain cell migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within forebrain development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within forebrain development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron differentiation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within neuron differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within neuron migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to xenobiotic stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in stereocilium bundle organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within ureter morphogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in axon	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: homeobox protein EMX2

Names: empty spiracles homolog 2; empty spiracles-like protein 2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.