MT2A metallothionein 2A [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: MT2Aprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: metallothionein 2Aprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:7406
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000125148 MIM:156360; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7406
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: MT2; MT-2; MT-II
Summary: This gene is a member of the metallothionein family of genes. Proteins encoded by this gene family are low in molecular weight, are cysteine-rich, lack aromatic residues, and bind divalent heavy metal ions, altering the intracellular concentration of heavy metals in the cell. These proteins act as anti-oxidants, protect against hydroxyl free radicals, are important in homeostatic control of metal in the cell, and play a role in detoxification of heavy metals. The encoded protein interacts with the protein encoded by the homeobox containing 1 gene in some cell types, controlling intracellular zinc levels, affecting apoptotic and autophagy pathways. Some polymorphisms in this gene are associated with an increased risk of cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]
Expression: Broad expression in adrenal (RPKM 718.8), liver (RPKM 608.8) and 20 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 16q13

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	16	NC_000016.10 (56608584..56609497)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	16	NC_060940.1 (62403549..62404462)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	16	NC_000016.9 (56642496..56643409)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Esterase D interacts with metallothionein 2A and inhibits the migration of A549 lung cancer cells in vitro.
Title: Esterase D interacts with metallothionein 2A and inhibits the migration of A549 lung cancer cells in vitro.
Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealing the intratumoral heterogeneity of ccRCC and validation of MT2A in pathogenesis.
Title: Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealing the intratumoral heterogeneity of ccRCC and validation of MT2A in pathogenesis.
An Assessment of MT1A (rs11076161), MT2A (rs28366003) and MT1L (rs10636) Gene Polymorphisms and MT2 Concentration in Women with Endometrial Pathologies.
Title: An Assessment of MT1A (rs11076161), MT2A (rs28366003) and MT1L (rs10636) Gene Polymorphisms and MT2 Concentration in Women with Endometrial Pathologies.
Association of metallothionein 2A rs10636 with low mean corpuscular volume (MCV), low mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) in healthy Taiwanese.
Title: Association of metallothionein 2A rs10636 with low mean corpuscular volume (MCV), low mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) in healthy Taiwanese.
ptk2 and mt2a Genes Expression in Gastritis and Gastric Cancer Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection.
Title: ptk2 and mt2a Genes Expression in Gastritis and Gastric Cancer Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection.
Downregulation of metallothionein 2A reduces migration, invasion and proliferation activities in human squamous cell carcinoma cells.
Title: Downregulation of metallothionein 2A reduces migration, invasion and proliferation activities in human squamous cell carcinoma cells.
Structural basis of the ligand binding and signaling mechanism of melatonin receptors.
Title: Structural basis of the ligand binding and signaling mechanism of melatonin receptors.
Cardiac metallothionein overexpression rescues diabetic cardiomyopathy in Akt2-knockout mice.
Title: Cardiac metallothionein overexpression rescues diabetic cardiomyopathy in Akt2-knockout mice.
Effect of MT2A on apoptosis and proliferation in HL60 cells.
Title: Effect of MT2A on apoptosis and proliferation in HL60 cells.
Quantitative assessment of the association of polymorphisms in the metallothionein 2A gene with cancer risk.
Title: Quantitative assessment of the association of polymorphisms in the metallothionein 2A gene with cancer risk.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (98)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
Knockdown of metallothionein 2A (MT2A) by siRNA inhibits the early stages of HIV-1 replication in 293T cells infected with VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1	PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat upregulates the interferon-responsive gene expression of many proteins, including Metallothionein, in immature dendritic cells, an effect that likely facilitates the expansion of HIV-1 infection	PubMed
capsid	gag	The interaction of HIV-1 CA with human cellular metallothionein 2A protein (MT2A) is identified by yeast two-hybrid screen	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH75825 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:89154

D16S2939 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:153823

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables metal ion binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cellular response to cadmium ion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cellular response to copper ion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cellular response to erythropoietin	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to interleukin-3	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to zinc ion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cellular response to zinc ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in detoxification of copper ion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in intracellular copper ion homeostasis	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in intracellular zinc ion homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of growth	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: metallothionein-2

Names: metallothionein-II

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.