PRRX2 paired related homeobox 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PRRX2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: paired related homeobox 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:21338
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000167157 MIM:604675; AllianceGenome:HGNC:21338
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PMX2; PRX2
Summary: The DNA-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the paired family of homeobox proteins. Expression is localized to proliferating fetal fibroblasts and the developing dermal layer, with downregulated expression in adult skin. Increases in expression of this gene during fetal but not adult wound healing suggest a possible role in mechanisms that control mammalian dermal regeneration and prevent formation of scar response to wounding. The expression patterns provide evidence consistent with a role in fetal skin development and a possible role in cellular proliferation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Broad expression in skin (RPKM 3.1), prostate (RPKM 3.0) and 17 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9q34.11

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	9	NC_000009.12 (129665647..129722674)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	9	NC_060933.1 (141870240..141927272)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	9	NC_000009.11 (132427926..132484953)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

CircLRFN5 inhibits the progression of glioblastoma via PRRX2/GCH1 mediated ferroptosis.
Title: CircLRFN5 inhibits the progression of glioblastoma via PRRX2/GCH1 mediated ferroptosis.
Attenuation of PRRX2 and HEY2 enables efficient conversion of adult human skin fibroblasts to neurons.
Title: Attenuation of PRRX2 and HEY2 enables efficient conversion of adult human skin fibroblasts to neurons.
Silencing Prrx2 expression can effectively inhibit the proliferation and growth of breast cancer
Title: [Effects of Prrx2 gene silencing on the proliferation of breast cancer and its molecular mechanisms].
PRRX2 inhibition may reduce invasive and migrating abilities to hinder epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and suppress colon cancer liver metastasis through inactivation of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway.
Title: Inhibition of PRRX2 suppressed colon cancer liver metastasis via inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
These data suggest that upregulation of PRRX2 may be a mechanism contributing to TGF-beta-induced invasion and epithelial mesenchymal transition in breast cancer.
Title: PRRX2 as a novel TGF-β-induced factor enhances invasion and migration in mammary epithelial cell and correlates with poor prognosis in breast cancer.
Model for the exceptional reactivity of peroxiredoxins 2 and 3 with hydrogen peroxide: a kinetic and computational study.
Title: Model for the exceptional reactivity of peroxiredoxins 2 and 3 with hydrogen peroxide: a kinetic and computational study.
Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
Title: Maternal genes and facial clefts in offspring: a comprehensive search for genetic associations in two population-based cleft studies from Scandinavia.
Valsartan, a selective Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker, and N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant, inhibited both of these modifications, indicating the contribution of AT1 receptor and reactive oxygen species to oxidation of Prx2.
Title: Oxidation of Prx2 and phosphorylation of GRP58 by angiotensin II in human coronary smooth muscle cells identified by 2D-DIGE analysis.
Encodes homeobox transcription factors that are expressed during vasculogenesis.
Title: Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell growth and adhesion by paired-related homeobox genes.

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Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Web-based, participant-driven studies yield novel genetic associations for common traits. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-146771 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:175422

STS-U81600 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:5490

D9S62 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:147103

D9S62 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:154535

RH102095 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:96429

SHGC-156288 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:185009

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chromatin	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: paired mesoderm homeobox protein 2

Names: PRX-2; paired-like homeodomain protein PRX2; paired-related homeobox protein 2; testicular tissue protein Li 148; testicular tissue protein Li 160

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.