Galr2 galanin receptor 2 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Galr2provided by MGI
Official Full Name: galanin receptor 2provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:1337018
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000020793 AllianceGenome:MGI:1337018
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: mGalR
Summary: Predicted to enable galanin receptor activity; neuropeptide binding activity; and peptide hormone binding activity. Acts upstream of or within neuron projection development. Predicted to be located in cilium. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. Orthologous to human GALR2 (galanin receptor 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Broad expression in large intestine adult (RPKM 4.8), colon adult (RPKM 3.3) and 18 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11 E2; 11 81.1 cM

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	11	NC_000077.7 (116170520..116174776)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	11	NC_000077.6 (116280106..116283950)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000077.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Spexin Diminishes Atrial Fibrillation Vulnerability by Acting on Galanin Receptor 2.
Title: Spexin Diminishes Atrial Fibrillation Vulnerability by Acting on Galanin Receptor 2.
Palmitate and Nitric Oxide Regulate the Expression of Spexin and Galanin Receptors 2 and 3 in Hypothalamic Neurons.
Title: Palmitate and Nitric Oxide Regulate the Expression of Spexin and Galanin Receptors 2 and 3 in Hypothalamic Neurons.
Involvement of Neuropeptide Galanin Receptors 2 and 3 in Learning, Memory and Anxiety in Aging Mice.
Title: Involvement of Neuropeptide Galanin Receptors 2 and 3 in Learning, Memory and Anxiety in Aging Mice.
molecular structures that confer ligand selectivity for galanin type II and III receptors
Title: Exploring the molecular structures that confer ligand selectivity for galanin type II and III receptors.
These data demonstrate that Galanin (Gal) contributes not only to cholangiocyte proliferation but also to liver fibrogenesis via the coordinate activation of GalR1 in cholangiocytes and GalR2 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).
Title: Coordinated Targeting of Galanin Receptors on Cholangiocytes and Hepatic Stellate Cells Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis in Multidrug Resistance Protein 2 Knockout Mice.
The data of this study support a specific role of GAL2-R but not of GAL3-R in mediating the anticonvulsive actions of endogenous galanin.
Title: Effects of galanin receptor 2 and receptor 3 knockout in mouse models of acute seizures.
these results identify that GALR2 is a regulator of insulin resistance and activation of GALR2 represents a promising strategy against obesity-induced insulin resistance.
Title: Activiated galanin receptor 2 attenuates insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of obese mice.
In chronic restraint stress, the expression of GalR2 is increased in the nucleus accumbens following antidepressant administration.
Title: The role of galanin system in modulating depression, anxiety, and addiction-like behaviors after chronic restraint stress.
Three age groups of the Galr2 overexpressing mice demonstrated decreased levels of immobility in the forced swim test, indicative of antidepressive-like behavior and/or increased stress resistance.
Title: Galanin receptor 2 overexpressing mice display an antidepressive-like phenotype: possible involvement of the subiculum.
High level of endogenous galanin in injured primary afferents activates peripheral GalR2, which leads to an increase in C-fibre mechanical activation thresholds and a marked reduction in evoked and ongoing nociceptive responses.
Title: Activation of the galanin receptor 2 in the periphery reverses nerve injury-induced allodynia.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (17)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (3)
Gene trapped (2) 1 citation
Targeted (2) 1 citation

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables galanin receptor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables galanin receptor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables galanin receptor activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables neuropeptide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables neuropeptide binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables peptide hormone binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables peptide hormone binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in galanin-activated signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in inositol phosphate metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in inositol phosphate metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within neuron projection development	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neuropeptide signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in phosphatidylinositol metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in phosphatidylinositol metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cilium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: galanin receptor type 2

Names: GAL2-R; GALR-2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_010254.4 → NP_034384.3 galanin receptor type 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034384.3

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AK053776, AW046646, BC116982

Consensus CDS

CCDS25663.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O88854, Q14A53, Q9Z2B0

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q8BKB0

Related

ENSMUSP00000054062.3, ENSMUST00000055872.3

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00001
Location:41 → 291

7tm_1; 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)

cl21561
Location:31 → 305

7tm_4; Olfactory receptor

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000077.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

116170520..116174776

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_011248727.4 → XP_011247029.1 galanin receptor type 2 isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q8BKB0

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd15097
Location:25 → 302

7tmA_Gal2_Gal3_R; galanin receptor subtypes 2 and 3, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors