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    GSTA4 glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2941, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    GSTA4provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    glutathione S-transferase alpha 4provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4629
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000170899 MIM:605450; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4629
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    GTA4; GSTA4-4
    Summary
    Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These enzymes are involved in cellular defense against toxic, carcinogenic, and pharmacologically active electrophilic compounds. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha class genes, which are located in a cluster on chromosome 6, are highly related and encode enzymes with glutathione peroxidase activity that function in the detoxification of lipid peroxidation products. Reactive electrophiles produced by oxidative metabolism have been linked to a number of degenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cataract formation, and atherosclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in adrenal (RPKM 149.4), skin (RPKM 38.6) and 16 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See GSTA4 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    6p12.2
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (52977953..52995284, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (52817518..52834853, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (52842751..52860082, complement)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375091 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52774000-52774692 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52774693-52775386 Neighboring gene glutathione S-transferase alpha 3 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52787535-52788194 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1037 Neighboring gene glutathione S-transferase alpha 9, pseudogene Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak5857 silencer Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52841001-52841876 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52841877-52842750 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_92160 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr6:52860003-52860234 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24693 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17287 Neighboring gene RNA component of 7SK nuclear ribonucleoprotein Neighboring gene ciliogenesis associated kinase 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC128092246

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    A genome-wide association study and biological pathway analysis of epilepsy prognosis in a prospective cohort of newly treated epilepsy.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Vif vif HIV-1 Vif downregulates the expression of glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 (GSTA4) in Vif-expression T cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • DKFZp686D21185

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables glutathione transferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables glutathione transferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein homodimerization activity IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in glutathione metabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in glutathione metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in xenobiotic metabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in xenobiotic metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    glutathione S-transferase A4
    Names
    GST class-alpha member 4
    S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase A4
    glutathione S-alkyltransferase A4
    glutathione S-aralkyltransferase A4
    glutathione S-aryltransferase A4
    glutathione S-transferase A4-4
    glutathione transferase A4-4
    NP_001503.1
    XP_005249092.1
    XP_011512836.1
    XP_011512837.1
    XP_054211236.1
    XP_054211237.1
    XP_054211238.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001512.4NP_001503.1  glutathione S-transferase A4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001503.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AA709059, AK315369, BC063439, DA521337
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4948.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RD15, O15217, Q5T7Q8, Q6P4G1, Q9BX18, Q9H414
      Related
      ENSP00000360002.4, ENST00000370963.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd03208
      Location:86220
      GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
      cl00388
      Location:482
      Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      52977953..52995284 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011514534.4XP_011512836.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011512836.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B3KNR3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd03208
      Location:49183
      GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
      cl00388
      Location:1245
      Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold
    2. XM_011514535.4XP_011512837.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011512837.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B3KNR3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd03208
      Location:49183
      GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
      cl00388
      Location:1245
      Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold
    3. XM_005249035.5XP_005249092.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005249092.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RD15, O15217, Q5T7Q8, Q6P4G1, Q9BX18, Q9H414
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd03208
      Location:86220
      GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
      cl00388
      Location:482
      Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      52817518..52834853 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054355262.1XP_054211237.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B3KNR3
    2. XM_054355263.1XP_054211238.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B3KNR3
    3. XM_054355261.1XP_054211236.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RD15, O15217, Q5T7Q8, Q6P4G1, Q9BX18, Q9H414