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    PIGA phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class A [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5277, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PIGAprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class Aprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:8957
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000165195 MIM:311770; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8957
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    GPI3; PNH1; PIG-A; MCAHS2; NEDEPH
    Summary
    This gene encodes a protein required for synthesis of N-acetylglucosaminyl phosphatidylinositol (GlcNAc-PI), the first intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of GPI anchor. The GPI anchor is a glycolipid found on many blood cells and which serves to anchor proteins to the cell surface. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, an acquired hematologic disorder, has been shown to result from mutations in this gene. Alternate splice variants have been characterized. A related pseudogene is located on chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 9.8), urinary bladder (RPKM 3.0) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See PIGA in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    Xp22.2
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) X NC_000023.11 (15319451..15335554, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) X NC_060947.1 (14902337..14918440, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) X NC_000023.10 (15337573..15353676, complement)

    Chromosome X - NC_000023.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 9 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14330 Neighboring gene ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 11 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29446 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29447 Neighboring gene PIR-FIGF readthrough Neighboring gene vascular endothelial growth factor D Neighboring gene pirin Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20672 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:15510866-15511368 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:15511369-15511872

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables UDP-glycosyltransferase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    enables phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in GPI anchor biosynthetic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in GPI anchor biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in GPI anchor biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A
    Names
    GLCNAC-PI synthesis protein
    GPI anchor biosynthesis
    class A GlcNAc-inositol phospholipid assembly protein
    phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis, class A protein
    NP_002632.1
    NP_065206.3
    XP_011543841.1
    XP_054183185.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_009786.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      4985..21088
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_160

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_002641.4NP_002632.1  phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002632.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BQ026877, D11466
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS14165.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4E0V2, P37287, Q16025, Q16250
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2K4Z9P8, A0A2K4Z9Q9, A0A2K4Z9S0, A0A2K4Z9S8, A0A2K4Z9T1, A0A2K4Z9T4, A0A2K4Z9T5, A0A2K4Z9T7, A0A2K4Z9T8, A0A2K4Z9U3, A0A2K4Z9V6, A0A2K4Z9V8, A0A2K4Z9W0, A0A2K4Z9W1, A0A2K4Z9W2, A0A2K4Z9W5, A0A2K4Z9W7, A0A2K4Z9W8, A0A2K4Z9X1, A0A2K4Z9X3, A0A2K4Z9X9, A0A2K4Z9Y1, A0A2K4Z9Z2, A0A2K4ZA02, B2RCE0
      Related
      ENSP00000369820.3, ENST00000333590.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd03796
      Location:34432
      GT1_PIG-A_like; This family is most closely related to the GT1 family of glycosyltransferases. Phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A (PIG-A), an X-linked gene in humans, is necessary for the synthesis of N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol, a very early intermediate ...
    2. NM_020473.3NP_065206.3  phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_065206.3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region and uses an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3) has a distinct and shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK303538, BC038236, BQ026877, DA951065
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS48086.2
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2K4Z9X5
      Related
      ENSP00000489540.1, ENST00000634582.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl10013
      Location:5198
      Glycosyltransferase_GTB_type; Glycosyltransferases catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. The acceptor molecule can be a lipid, a protein, a heterocyclic compound, or another carbohydrate ...

    RNA

    1. NR_033835.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' region, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the supported start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK098047, BC038236, BQ026877, DC347872
      Related
      ENST00000635598.1
    2. NR_033836.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' region, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because it lacks a significant portion of the 5' coding region, as found in variant 1, and multiple upstream ORFs are present, which are predicted to interfere with the translation of the longest ORF.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC038236, BQ026877, CX870731, DA951065
      Related
      ENST00000638131.1

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000023.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      15319451..15335554 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011545539.3XP_011543841.1  phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2K4Z9X5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG0438
      Location:3170
      RfaB; Glycosyltransferase involved in cell wall bisynthesis [Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis]
      cl10013
      Location:6201
      Glycosyltransferase_GTB_type; Glycosyltransferases catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. The acceptor molecule can be a lipid, a protein, a heterocyclic compound, or another carbohydrate ...

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060947.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      14902337..14918440 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054327210.1XP_054183185.1  phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2K4Z9X5

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_020472.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_020472.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.