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    KDR kinase insert domain receptor [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 3791, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    KDRprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    kinase insert domain receptorprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:6307
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000128052 MIM:191306; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6307
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    FLK1; CD309; VEGFR; VEGFR2
    Summary
    Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major growth factor for endothelial cells. This gene encodes one of the two receptors of the VEGF. This receptor, known as kinase insert domain receptor, is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase. It functions as the main mediator of VEGF-induced endothelial proliferation, survival, migration, tubular morphogenesis and sprouting. The signalling and trafficking of this receptor are regulated by multiple factors, including Rab GTPase, P2Y purine nucleotide receptor, integrin alphaVbeta3, T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase, etc.. Mutations of this gene are implicated in infantile capillary hemangiomas. [provided by RefSeq, May 2009]
    Expression
    Broad expression in placenta (RPKM 44.3), thyroid (RPKM 24.9) and 19 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See KDR in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    4q12
    Exon count:
    30
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (55078481..55125595, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (58566962..58614067, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (55944648..55991762, complement)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900703 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 410, pseudogene Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 424, pseudogene Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1754 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:55998829-55999442 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:56035898-56036727 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:56041662-56042861 Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 822, pseudogene Neighboring gene METTL5 pseudogene 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Capillary infantile hemangioma
    MedGen: C1865871 OMIM: 602089 GeneReviews: Not available
    not available

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Identification of a variant in KDR associated with serum VEGFR2 and pharmacodynamics of pazopanib.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 downregulates KDR expression in human mesenchymal stem cells PubMed
    Nef nef HIV-1 Nef upregulates VEGFR2 and its co-receptor neuropilin-1 and downregulates the expression of semaphorin 3a in podocytes PubMed
    Tat tat Inhibition of sigma receptor or VEGFR causes a significant decrease in HIV-1 Tat- and cocaine-induced H2O2 generation in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells PubMed
    tat Downregulation of ZO-1 by treatment with HIV-1 Tat and cocaine is inhibited by VEGFR-2 or sigma receptor antagonists, suggesting that VEGFR-2 and sigma receptor are involved in the downregulation of ZO-1 by Tat and cocaine in pulmonary cells PubMed
    tat Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat-induced downregulation of kinase insert domain receptor (KDR; VEGFR2) in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of IL17 expression is dependent upon the VEGFR2 signaling pathway in human primary T cells PubMed
    tat Endothelial cell adherent to HIV-1 Tat induces upregulation of VEGFR2, integrin beta(3) subunit, pp60src and recruits VEGFR2, integrin beta(3) subunit, paxillin, focal adhesion kinase, and pp60src to ventral plasma membranes PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat inhibits the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to endothelial cells by downregulating the expression of VEGF-induced endothelial markers such as Flt-1, KDR and vWF PubMed
    tat Adhesion of endothelial cells to HIV-1 Tat triggers a signal transduction pathway, which leads to phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and pp60src and activation of ERK1/2 PubMed
    tat The phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (Flk-1/KDR) induces the ability of Tat to stimulate focal adhesion assembly and the migration of human brain micro vascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) PubMed
    tat Sulfated polymannuroguluronate, a novel anti-AIDS drug candidate, greatly arrests Tat-driven KDR phosphorylation and blocks the interaction between Tat and integrin beta1, thus inhibiting the phosphorylation of the kinases FAK, paxillin and MAPKs PubMed
    tat Kinase insert domain receptor (a type III receptor tyrosine kinase) 1 is upregulated in HIV-1 Tat and NC cotransfection of HEK 293T cells PubMed
    tat VEGFR2 is upregulated by HIV-1 Tat treatment in human epithelial cells PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat, through its basic region (amino acids 49-57), binds and activates VEGFR-2, an effect associated with Tat-mediated pathogenesis and induction of angiogenesis in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma PubMed
    tat The interaction of HIV-1 Tat with KDR/VEGFR2 is implicated in the activation of ERK1 and ERK2 signaling pathways PubMed
    tat The activation of AKT and the protection of Kaposi's sarcoma cells from apoptosis mediated by HIV-1 Tat involves the interaction of Tat with VEGFR2 PubMed
    nucleocapsid gag KDR is upregulated in HIV-1 Tat and NC cotransfection of HEK 293T cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables GPI-linked ephrin receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables Hsp90 protein binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables boss receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables cadherin binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables coreceptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables epidermal growth factor receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables fibroblast growth factor receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables growth factor binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables growth factor binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables hepatocyte growth factor receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables histone H2AXY142 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables histone H3Y41 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables insulin receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables insulin-like growth factor receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables integrin binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables placental growth factor receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables platelet-derived growth factor alpha-receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein tyrosine kinase activity EXP
    Inferred from Experiment
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein tyrosine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein tyrosine kinase collagen receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables stem cell factor receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables vascular endothelial growth factor binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in Kit signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in angiogenesis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in angiogenesis TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in calcium ion homeostasis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cell fate commitment IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cell migration IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to hydrogen sulfide IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in collagen-activated tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in embryonic hemopoiesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in endocardium development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in endothelial cell differentiation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in endothelium development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in ephrin receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in epithelial cell maturation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in epithelial cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in insulin receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in lung alveolus development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in lymph vessel development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in mesenchymal cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in multicellular organism development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of gene expression IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in ovarian follicle development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell migration IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cell migration IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of macroautophagy IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of mitochondrial fission IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of positive chemotaxis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of stem cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of vasculogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in post-embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in protein autophosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of MAPK cascade IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of bone development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of cell shape IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in stem cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in surfactant homeostasis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in vascular wound healing IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in vasculogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi apparatus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in anchoring junction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cell junction ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in early endosome ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in endosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in external side of plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in extracellular region IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in membrane raft IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    part_of receptor complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in sorting endosome ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2
    Names
    fetal liver kinase-1
    kinase insert domain receptor (a type III receptor tyrosine kinase)
    protein-tyrosine kinase receptor Flk-1
    soluble VEGFR2
    tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor
    NP_002244.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_012004.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..52115
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_1198

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_002253.4NP_002244.1  vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002244.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC021220, AC111194
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3497.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2RRS0, B5A925, C5IFA0, O60723, P35968, Q14178
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59EB0
      Related
      ENSP00000263923.4, ENST00000263923.5
      Conserved Domains (10) summary
      cd05862
      Location:239326
      Ig1_VEGFR; First immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor(R)
      cd05864
      Location:348417
      Ig2_VEGFR-2; Second immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2)
      smart00408
      Location:680744
      IGc2; Immunoglobulin C-2 Type
      smart00409
      Location:565661
      IG; Immunoglobulin
      smart00410
      Location:231324
      IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
      pfam07679
      Location:667754
      I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
      cd05103
      Location:8261167
      PTKc_VEGFR2; Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2
      pfam07714
      Location:8341160
      Pkinase_Tyr; Protein tyrosine kinase
      pfam13895
      Location:551661
      Ig_2; Immunoglobulin domain
      cl11960
      Location:41109
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      55078481..55125595 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      58566962..58614067 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)