skd skuld [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: skdprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: skuldprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0003415
Locus tag: Dmel_CG9936
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0003415
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: bli; bls; CG9936; dMED13; Dmel\CG9936; dmMED13; dTrap240; dTRAP240; l(3)L7062; l(3)rK760; LD28662; Med13; MED13; pap; Pap; pap/dTRAP240; Pap/Trap; Scad78; siren9; Skd; SKD; skd/MED13; Skd/Med13; Skd/Pap/Bli; SPH203; Srb9/AMIB/PAP/TRAP240; Trap240; TRAP240
Summary: Enables transcription coregulator activity. Involved in several processes, including larval somatic muscle development; positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway; and regionalization. Located in nucleus. Part of CKM complex; core mediator complex; and mediator complex. Is expressed in several structures, including adult brain cell body rind; antennal anlage; antennal primordium; ganglia; and head epidermis primordium. Used to study obesity. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder and dextro-looped transposition of the great arteries. Orthologous to human MED13 (mediator complex subunit 13) and MED13L (mediator complex subunit 13L). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 78A2-78A2; 3-47 cM

Exon count:: 15

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3L	NT_037436.4 (20992814..21027434, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3L	NT_037436.3 (20985914..21020534, complement)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Regular Exercise in Drosophila Prevents Age-Related Cardiac Dysfunction Caused by High Fat and Heart-Specific Knockdown of skd.
Title: Regular Exercise in Drosophila Prevents Age-Related Cardiac Dysfunction Caused by High Fat and Heart-Specific Knockdown of skd.
Kto-Skd affects the A/P-axial development of the whole wing disc. Kto can interact with Cubitus interruptus (Ci), bind to the Ci-binding region on ptc promoter, which are both regulated by Hh signals to down-regulate ptc expression.
Title: The Kto-Skd complex can regulate ptc expression by interacting with Cubitus interruptus (Ci) in the Hedgehog signaling pathway.
The secreted peptide Wingless acts as a downstream effector of MED13 to mediate cross-talk with adipose tissue and suppress obesity.
Title: Heart- and muscle-derived signaling system dependent on MED13 and Wingless controls obesity in Drosophila.
Pygopus promotes Wnt target gene transcription by recruiting the mediator complex through interactions with Med12 and Med13.
Title: Pygopus activates Wingless target gene transcription through the mediator complex subunits Med12 and Med13.
Kto/Skd act as essential coactivators for Ato expression during early retinal neurogenesis.
Title: Drosophila TRAP230/240 are essential coactivators for Atonal in retinal neurogenesis.
Data show that both sklud and kohtalo are required to establish normal cell affinity differences at the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral compartment boundaries of the wing disc.
Title: Two subunits of the Drosophila mediator complex act together to control cell affinity.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription coactivator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription coregulator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription coregulator activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transcription coregulator activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell fate commitment	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in chaeta development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in compound eye development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived leg segmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in larval somatic muscle development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in larval somatic muscle development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in sex comb development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in sex comb development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
involved_in wing disc dorsal/ventral pattern formation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of CKM complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of core mediator complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of mediator complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of mediator complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of mediator complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of mediator complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of mediator complex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
located_in nucleoplasm	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: skuld

Names: CG9936-PC; CG9936-PD; CG9936-PE; CG9936-PF; blind spot; flytrap; mediator complex subunit 13; poils aux pattes; skd-PC; skd-PD; skd-PE; skd-PF; suppressor of constitutively activated Dpp signaling 78

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_037436.4 Reference assembly

Range

20992814..21027434 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_168879.3 → NP_730590.1 skuld, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_730590.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q7KTX8, Q95RI1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E6PBY1

Related

FBpp0077985

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam06333
Location:2084 → 2605

Med13_C; Mediator complex subunit 13 C-terminal

pfam11597
Location:15 → 490

Med13_N; Mediator complex subunit 13 N-terminal
NM_168880.3 → NP_730591.2 skuld, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_730591.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A8JNW4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam06333
Location:2234 → 2755

Med13_C; Mediator complex subunit 13 C-terminal

pfam11597
Location:15 → 490

Med13_N; Mediator complex subunit 13 N-terminal
NM_079914.3 → NP_524653.1 skuld, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524653.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q7KTX8, Q95RI1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E6PBY1

Related

FBpp0077984

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam06333
Location:2084 → 2605

Med13_C; Mediator complex subunit 13 C-terminal

pfam11597
Location:15 → 490

Med13_N; Mediator complex subunit 13 N-terminal
NM_001275205.1 → NP_001262134.1 skuld, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001262134.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PD50

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam06333
Location:2067 → 2588

Med13_C; Mediator complex subunit 13 C-terminal

pfam11597
Location:15 → 490

Med13_N; Mediator complex subunit 13 N-terminal